Substance Use and Misuse in Rural Areas – Resources
Selected recent or important resources focusing on Substance Use and Misuse in Rural Areas.
NCHS Rapid Surveys System: Illegal Drugs and Naloxone (Narcan) Awareness
Interactive data showing awareness of and perspectives on access to prescription medication, illegal drugs, and naloxone. Includes data breakdown by urbanicity and other demographic and geographic characteristics. Data gathered by the National Center for Health Statistics between October and November 2023.
Date: 04/2024
Sponsoring organization: National Center for Health Statistics
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Interactive data showing awareness of and perspectives on access to prescription medication, illegal drugs, and naloxone. Includes data breakdown by urbanicity and other demographic and geographic characteristics. Data gathered by the National Center for Health Statistics between October and November 2023.
Date: 04/2024
Sponsoring organization: National Center for Health Statistics
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National Strategy for Suicide Prevention
Report highlights the Department of Health and Human Services' (HHS) 10-year government-wide suicide prevention strategy. Features a 15-goal plan covering community-based suicide prevention; treatment and crisis services; surveillance, quality improvement, and research; and health equity in suicide prevention. Discusses rural populations and the barriers to suicide prevention in rural areas.
Additional links: Federal Action Plan
Date: 04/2024
Sponsoring organization: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
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Report highlights the Department of Health and Human Services' (HHS) 10-year government-wide suicide prevention strategy. Features a 15-goal plan covering community-based suicide prevention; treatment and crisis services; surveillance, quality improvement, and research; and health equity in suicide prevention. Discusses rural populations and the barriers to suicide prevention in rural areas.
Additional links: Federal Action Plan
Date: 04/2024
Sponsoring organization: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
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Motivation and Context of Concurrent Stimulant and Opioid Use among Persons Who Use Drugs in the Rural United States: A Multi-Site Qualitative Inquiry
Explores the motivation and context of stimulant and opioid use in rural America among persons who use drugs (PWUD). Utilizes participant interviews to discuss general substance use, injection drug use, changes in drug use, harm reduction practices, and more.
Author(s): R.J. Fredericksen, R. Baker, A. Sibley, et al.
Citation: Harm Reduction Journal, 21, 74
Date: 04/2024
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Explores the motivation and context of stimulant and opioid use in rural America among persons who use drugs (PWUD). Utilizes participant interviews to discuss general substance use, injection drug use, changes in drug use, harm reduction practices, and more.
Author(s): R.J. Fredericksen, R. Baker, A. Sibley, et al.
Citation: Harm Reduction Journal, 21, 74
Date: 04/2024
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Home Cooked: A 50-Year History of Meth in America
Podcast series presents a discussion on the history of the use, production, and proliferation of methamphetamine in the U.S. The 5-episode series explores how the social perception of meth in America compares with the reality of its use throughout the 20th and 21st centuries and how this has affected rural communities.
Date: 03/2024
Sponsoring organizations: Rural Assembly, The Daily Yonder
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Podcast series presents a discussion on the history of the use, production, and proliferation of methamphetamine in the U.S. The 5-episode series explores how the social perception of meth in America compares with the reality of its use throughout the 20th and 21st centuries and how this has affected rural communities.
Date: 03/2024
Sponsoring organizations: Rural Assembly, The Daily Yonder
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Rural–Urban Differences in Out-of-Network Treatment Initiation and Engagement Rates for Substance Use Disorders
Explores disparities in access to substance use disorder treatments among privately insured individuals in rural and urban areas between 2016-2018. Compares rates of initial and ongoing treatment for alcohol use disorder, opioid use disorder, and other drug use disorders overall and from out-of-network providers for urban and rural patients.
Author(s): Eli Raver, Sheldon M. Retchin, Yiting Li, Andrew D. Carlo, Wendy Y. Xu
Citation: Health Services Research
Date: 03/2024
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Explores disparities in access to substance use disorder treatments among privately insured individuals in rural and urban areas between 2016-2018. Compares rates of initial and ongoing treatment for alcohol use disorder, opioid use disorder, and other drug use disorders overall and from out-of-network providers for urban and rural patients.
Author(s): Eli Raver, Sheldon M. Retchin, Yiting Li, Andrew D. Carlo, Wendy Y. Xu
Citation: Health Services Research
Date: 03/2024
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The Association of Alcohol Use and Heavy Drinking with Subsequent Handgun Carrying among Youth from Rural Areas
Presents a study on the correlation between alcohol use and handgun carrying among rural youth. Examines past alcohol use by rural youth and young adults aged 12-26 on a scale of never used, used but not heavily, or used heavily. Breaks down data by participant characteristics, such as rebelliousness, family conflict, and education, among other factors.
Author(s): Alice M. Ellyson, Julia P. Schleimer, Kimberly Dalve, et al.
Citation: Journal of Rural Health, 40(1), 181–191
Date: 01/2024
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Presents a study on the correlation between alcohol use and handgun carrying among rural youth. Examines past alcohol use by rural youth and young adults aged 12-26 on a scale of never used, used but not heavily, or used heavily. Breaks down data by participant characteristics, such as rebelliousness, family conflict, and education, among other factors.
Author(s): Alice M. Ellyson, Julia P. Schleimer, Kimberly Dalve, et al.
Citation: Journal of Rural Health, 40(1), 181–191
Date: 01/2024
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Medicaid Coverage of Medications to Reverse Opioid Overdose and Treat Alcohol and Opioid Use Disorders
Report discusses access to medications for treating alcohol use disorder (AUD) and opioid use disorder (OUD) via Medicaid. Highlights policies and regulations that effect access and details Medicaid coverage in all 50 states, the District of Columbia, the U.S Virgin Islands, and Puerto Rico. Features a discussion about rural access.
Date: 01/2024
Sponsoring organization: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
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Report discusses access to medications for treating alcohol use disorder (AUD) and opioid use disorder (OUD) via Medicaid. Highlights policies and regulations that effect access and details Medicaid coverage in all 50 states, the District of Columbia, the U.S Virgin Islands, and Puerto Rico. Features a discussion about rural access.
Date: 01/2024
Sponsoring organization: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
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2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Among the American Indian or Alaska Native (AIAN) Population Aged 12 or Older
Highlights data from the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health pertaining specifically to American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/AN) over the age of 12. Compares AI/AN rates of drug use and mental illness, as well as co-occurring disorders, to rates for the U.S. as a whole.
Date: 01/2024
Sponsoring organization: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
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Highlights data from the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health pertaining specifically to American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/AN) over the age of 12. Compares AI/AN rates of drug use and mental illness, as well as co-occurring disorders, to rates for the U.S. as a whole.
Date: 01/2024
Sponsoring organization: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
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Temporal Trends in Substance Use and Cardiovascular Disease–Related Mortality in the United States
Analyzes 636,572 death certificates to identify trends for both substance use and cardiovascular disease-related mortality between 1999 and 2019. Breaks down data by rurality, sex, type of substance use, and more. Includes state-level comparisons.
Author(s): Abdul Mannan Khan Minhas, Jakrin Kewcharoen, Michael E. Hall, et al.
Citation: Journal of the American Heart Association 13(2)
Date: 01/2024
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Analyzes 636,572 death certificates to identify trends for both substance use and cardiovascular disease-related mortality between 1999 and 2019. Breaks down data by rurality, sex, type of substance use, and more. Includes state-level comparisons.
Author(s): Abdul Mannan Khan Minhas, Jakrin Kewcharoen, Michael E. Hall, et al.
Citation: Journal of the American Heart Association 13(2)
Date: 01/2024
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The Dialogue: Rural and Remote Disaster Behavioral Health
Journal issue discusses the behavioral health needs and challenges during disasters in rural and remote communities. Highlights the mental health challenges that co-occur with disasters such as extreme heat, floods, droughts and other disasters in rural communities and details strategies for addressing them.
Citation: The Dialogue, 19(4)
Date: 2024
Sponsoring organization: SAMHSA Disaster Technical Assistance Center
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Journal issue discusses the behavioral health needs and challenges during disasters in rural and remote communities. Highlights the mental health challenges that co-occur with disasters such as extreme heat, floods, droughts and other disasters in rural communities and details strategies for addressing them.
Citation: The Dialogue, 19(4)
Date: 2024
Sponsoring organization: SAMHSA Disaster Technical Assistance Center
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Additional resources are available related to this guide. See the full list of resources by topic for:
- Alcohol use
- Behavioral health
- Behavioral health workforce
- Illicit drug use
- Prescription drug misuse
- Substance use and misuse
- Tobacco use
Last Updated: 8/15/2025