Rural Health
Resources by Topic: COVID-19
Telehealth Has Played an Outsized Role Meeting Mental Health Needs During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Explores usage of telehealth for physical and mental health outpatient visits between March 2019 and August 2021. Figure 3 shows use of mental health and substance use telehealth visits versus other outpatient telehealth visits, with rural versus urban comparisons. Includes a discussion about payment models for telehealth via private insurance, Medicare, and Medicaid.
Author(s): Justin Lo, Matthew Rae, Krutika Amin, et al.
Date: 03/2022
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: KFF
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Explores usage of telehealth for physical and mental health outpatient visits between March 2019 and August 2021. Figure 3 shows use of mental health and substance use telehealth visits versus other outpatient telehealth visits, with rural versus urban comparisons. Includes a discussion about payment models for telehealth via private insurance, Medicare, and Medicaid.
Author(s): Justin Lo, Matthew Rae, Krutika Amin, et al.
Date: 03/2022
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: KFF
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Midwest Rural-Urban Disparities in Use of Patient Online Services for Covid-19
Examines patient portal messaging utilization in a Midwest health system based on data from over 1 million messages generated between February 2020 and August 2020 by rural and urban users. Includes breakdown of user data along age, gender, race and ethnicity, rural versus urban, and other demographic lines. Discusses rural disparities related to virtual care, such as using portal messaging for COVID-19 diagnosis and treatment versus pandemic isolation and anxiety.
Author(s): Ming Huang, Andrew Wen, Huan He, et al.
Citation: Journal of Rural Health, 38(4), 908-915
Date: 03/2022
Type: Document
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Examines patient portal messaging utilization in a Midwest health system based on data from over 1 million messages generated between February 2020 and August 2020 by rural and urban users. Includes breakdown of user data along age, gender, race and ethnicity, rural versus urban, and other demographic lines. Discusses rural disparities related to virtual care, such as using portal messaging for COVID-19 diagnosis and treatment versus pandemic isolation and anxiety.
Author(s): Ming Huang, Andrew Wen, Huan He, et al.
Citation: Journal of Rural Health, 38(4), 908-915
Date: 03/2022
Type: Document
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Data Elements for Research on the Role of Social Determinants of Health in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection and Outcomes in the U.S.
Reviews 27 studies published between December 2019 and August 2021 to explore how social determinants of health (SDOH) are related to outcomes of COVID-19. Focuses on modifiable SDOH such as income, housing, health insurance status, and food insecurity, among others. Examines rural and urban settings in data analysis as possible predictors of COVID-19 outcomes.
Author(s): Katherine K. Kim, Hibah K. Qudsi, Heather M. Halter, et al.
Date: 03/2022
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: HHS Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation
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Reviews 27 studies published between December 2019 and August 2021 to explore how social determinants of health (SDOH) are related to outcomes of COVID-19. Focuses on modifiable SDOH such as income, housing, health insurance status, and food insecurity, among others. Examines rural and urban settings in data analysis as possible predictors of COVID-19 outcomes.
Author(s): Katherine K. Kim, Hibah K. Qudsi, Heather M. Halter, et al.
Date: 03/2022
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: HHS Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation
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Assessment of Structural Barriers and Racial Group Disparities of COVID-19 Mortality With Spatial Analysis
Explores social determinants of health such as minority status, income inequality, and lack of health insurance, among others, and their relationship to COVID-19 mortality rates. Analyzes data from rural, suburban, and urban counties across all 50 states from January 2020 to February 2021. Includes demographic data such as age, race and ethnicity, socioeconomic advantage index, and more.
Author(s): Qinyun Lin, Susan Paykin, Dylan Halpern
Citation: JAMA Network Open, 5(3)
Date: 03/2022
Type: Document
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Explores social determinants of health such as minority status, income inequality, and lack of health insurance, among others, and their relationship to COVID-19 mortality rates. Analyzes data from rural, suburban, and urban counties across all 50 states from January 2020 to February 2021. Includes demographic data such as age, race and ethnicity, socioeconomic advantage index, and more.
Author(s): Qinyun Lin, Susan Paykin, Dylan Halpern
Citation: JAMA Network Open, 5(3)
Date: 03/2022
Type: Document
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National COVID-19 Preparedness Plan
A plan to address COVID-19 focused on four goals: protecting against and treating COVID-19; preparing for new variants; preventing economic and educational shutdowns; and continuing to vaccinate the world. Includes discussion of equitable access to COVID-19 resources for rural and tribal communities.
Additional links: Full Report
Date: 03/2022
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: The White House
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A plan to address COVID-19 focused on four goals: protecting against and treating COVID-19; preparing for new variants; preventing economic and educational shutdowns; and continuing to vaccinate the world. Includes discussion of equitable access to COVID-19 resources for rural and tribal communities.
Additional links: Full Report
Date: 03/2022
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: The White House
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Disparities in COVID-19 Vaccination Coverage Between Urban and Rural Counties — United States, December 14, 2020–January 31, 2022
Examines COVID-19 vaccination disparities between urban and rural people 5 years of age and older. Discusses factors that may have contributed to vaccination disparities, including healthcare access, views about COVID-19 specifically, and vaccine hesitancy more generally. Provides data based on a 6-level urban-rural classification and a 2-level urban-rural classification, with vaccination coverage by sex, age group, and state. Also includes data on vaccine series completion and receipt of a booster or additional dose.
Author(s): Ryan Saelee, Elizabeth Zell, Bhavini Patel Murthy, et al.
Citation: MMWR (Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report), 71(9), 335-340
Date: 03/2022
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
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Examines COVID-19 vaccination disparities between urban and rural people 5 years of age and older. Discusses factors that may have contributed to vaccination disparities, including healthcare access, views about COVID-19 specifically, and vaccine hesitancy more generally. Provides data based on a 6-level urban-rural classification and a 2-level urban-rural classification, with vaccination coverage by sex, age group, and state. Also includes data on vaccine series completion and receipt of a booster or additional dose.
Author(s): Ryan Saelee, Elizabeth Zell, Bhavini Patel Murthy, et al.
Citation: MMWR (Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report), 71(9), 335-340
Date: 03/2022
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
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Predictors of Mortality for Patients with COVID-19 in the Rural Appalachian Region
Examines patient mortality related to COVID-19 between April 5, 2020 to December 31, 2020 based on data from 13 facilities in the Appalachian Regional Healthcare system. Discusses aging population, comorbidities, and health-related behaviors common in rural populations that increase COVID-19 risks. Includes survival and mortality statistics broken down according to demographic and clinical characteristics, serum biomarkers, and treatments.
Author(s): Huzefa Bhopalwala, Nakeya Dewaswala, Sandhya Kolagatla, et al.
Citation: International Journal of General Medicine, 15, 2207-2214
Date: 02/2022
Type: Document
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Examines patient mortality related to COVID-19 between April 5, 2020 to December 31, 2020 based on data from 13 facilities in the Appalachian Regional Healthcare system. Discusses aging population, comorbidities, and health-related behaviors common in rural populations that increase COVID-19 risks. Includes survival and mortality statistics broken down according to demographic and clinical characteristics, serum biomarkers, and treatments.
Author(s): Huzefa Bhopalwala, Nakeya Dewaswala, Sandhya Kolagatla, et al.
Citation: International Journal of General Medicine, 15, 2207-2214
Date: 02/2022
Type: Document
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Analysis of Vaccination Rates and New COVID-19 Infections by US County, July-August 2021
Research letter examining COVID-19 infection and vaccination rates during the third wave of the pandemic in July-August 2021. Offers county-level data maps and highlights differences in rural and urban vaccination rates and impacts of the wave on counties with lower vaccination rates.
Author(s): Diego F. Cuadros, DeWolfe Miller, Susanne Awad, Philip Coule, Neil J. MacKinnon
Citation: JAMA Network Open, 5(2), e2147915
Date: 02/2022
Type: Document
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Research letter examining COVID-19 infection and vaccination rates during the third wave of the pandemic in July-August 2021. Offers county-level data maps and highlights differences in rural and urban vaccination rates and impacts of the wave on counties with lower vaccination rates.
Author(s): Diego F. Cuadros, DeWolfe Miller, Susanne Awad, Philip Coule, Neil J. MacKinnon
Citation: JAMA Network Open, 5(2), e2147915
Date: 02/2022
Type: Document
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Social Determinants of Mortality of COVID-19 and Opioid Overdose in American Rural and Urban Counties
Highlights a study on the social determinants of health that correlate with high COVID-19 and opioid overdose mortality in rural and urban counties. Breaks down county data by median income, unemployment, and healthcare workforce, among other factors.
Author(s): Yuhui Zhu, Zhe Fei, Larissa J. Mooney, et al.
Citation: Journal of Addiction Medicine, 16(1), e52-e55
Date: 02/2022
Type: Document
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Highlights a study on the social determinants of health that correlate with high COVID-19 and opioid overdose mortality in rural and urban counties. Breaks down county data by median income, unemployment, and healthcare workforce, among other factors.
Author(s): Yuhui Zhu, Zhe Fei, Larissa J. Mooney, et al.
Citation: Journal of Addiction Medicine, 16(1), e52-e55
Date: 02/2022
Type: Document
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Persistently Poor Rural Counties Experienced Lower Employment Impacts From the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic but Have Higher Cumulative COVID-19 Case Rates
Examines COVID-19 case rates among persistently poor rural counties in relation to economic impacts from the pandemic. Offers comparative data on job losses and vaccination rates for metro and nonmetro counties with persistent poverty and non-persistent poverty based on USDA Economic Research Service data and U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census and Bureau of Labor Statistics data.
Author(s): Elizabeth A. Dobis, Thomas Krumel, Austin Sanders
Citation: Amber Waves
Date: 02/2022
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: USDA Economic Research Service
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Examines COVID-19 case rates among persistently poor rural counties in relation to economic impacts from the pandemic. Offers comparative data on job losses and vaccination rates for metro and nonmetro counties with persistent poverty and non-persistent poverty based on USDA Economic Research Service data and U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census and Bureau of Labor Statistics data.
Author(s): Elizabeth A. Dobis, Thomas Krumel, Austin Sanders
Citation: Amber Waves
Date: 02/2022
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: USDA Economic Research Service
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