Social Determinants of Health for Rural People – Resources
Selected recent or important resources focusing on Social Determinants of Health for Rural People.
Persistent Poverty in Counties and Census Tracts
Examines persistent poverty, defined as a community with at least 20% poverty for over 30 years, in U.S. counties and census tracts. Utilizes Census and American Community Survey (ACS) poverty estimates that are compared against other datasets. Includes persistent poverty counties, census tracts, and percentages of the population by state, as well as maps of geographical areas in the U.S. depicting persistent poverty census tracts.
Author(s): Craig Benson, Alemayehu Bishaw, Brian Glassman
Date: 05/2023
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: U.S. Census Bureau
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Examines persistent poverty, defined as a community with at least 20% poverty for over 30 years, in U.S. counties and census tracts. Utilizes Census and American Community Survey (ACS) poverty estimates that are compared against other datasets. Includes persistent poverty counties, census tracts, and percentages of the population by state, as well as maps of geographical areas in the U.S. depicting persistent poverty census tracts.
Author(s): Craig Benson, Alemayehu Bishaw, Brian Glassman
Date: 05/2023
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: U.S. Census Bureau
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Landscape of the Health Informatics Workforce: Rapid Response Brief
Focuses on the clinical informatics and public health, population health, and social service informatics subdomains of the health informatics workforce. Mentions resource hubs that serve rural communities by providing guidelines, toolkits, screening tools, and other resources. Examines social determinants of health and gives examples of clinical informatics work that can improve access to care for rural and underserved populations. Features statistics on physicians certified in clinical informatics from 2013-2022.
Author(s): Cynthia LeRouge, Shahida Shahrir, Bianca K Frogner
Date: 04/2023
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: Center for Health Workforce Studies
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Focuses on the clinical informatics and public health, population health, and social service informatics subdomains of the health informatics workforce. Mentions resource hubs that serve rural communities by providing guidelines, toolkits, screening tools, and other resources. Examines social determinants of health and gives examples of clinical informatics work that can improve access to care for rural and underserved populations. Features statistics on physicians certified in clinical informatics from 2013-2022.
Author(s): Cynthia LeRouge, Shahida Shahrir, Bianca K Frogner
Date: 04/2023
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: Center for Health Workforce Studies
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Income and Rural–Urban Status Moderate the Association Between Income Inequality and Life Expectancy in US Census Tracts
Examines how income inequality and life expectancy (LE) are impacted by socioeconomic status (SES) and rural versus urban status at the census-tract level. Utilizes 2010-2015 data to examine the relationship of LE to SES, urbanicity, and other sociodemographic factors. Presents the data through descriptive statistics, figures, and graphs.
Author(s): Steven A. Cohen, Caitlin C. Nash, Erin N. Byrne, Mary L. Greaney
Citation: Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition, 42, 24
Date: 03/2023
Type: Document
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Examines how income inequality and life expectancy (LE) are impacted by socioeconomic status (SES) and rural versus urban status at the census-tract level. Utilizes 2010-2015 data to examine the relationship of LE to SES, urbanicity, and other sociodemographic factors. Presents the data through descriptive statistics, figures, and graphs.
Author(s): Steven A. Cohen, Caitlin C. Nash, Erin N. Byrne, Mary L. Greaney
Citation: Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition, 42, 24
Date: 03/2023
Type: Document
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Integration of Case-Based Dialogue to Enhance Medical Students' Understanding of Using Health Communication to Address Social Determinants of Health
Examines the impact of case-based social determinants of health (SDOH) curriculum on third year medical student knowledge related to SDOH and willingness to care for culturally diverse and underserved patients. Analyzes pre- and post-test survey answers from 640 medical students about their SDOH perceptions and knowledge, including confidence levels in working with rural and medically underserved patients.
Author(s): Jalysa King, Jennifer Taylor
Citation: Advances in Medical Education and Practice,14, 237-244
Date: 03/2023
Type: Document
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Examines the impact of case-based social determinants of health (SDOH) curriculum on third year medical student knowledge related to SDOH and willingness to care for culturally diverse and underserved patients. Analyzes pre- and post-test survey answers from 640 medical students about their SDOH perceptions and knowledge, including confidence levels in working with rural and medically underserved patients.
Author(s): Jalysa King, Jennifer Taylor
Citation: Advances in Medical Education and Practice,14, 237-244
Date: 03/2023
Type: Document
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Crowded Housing and Housing Cost Burden by Disability, Race, Ethnicity, and Rural-Urban Location
Examine rates of crowded housing and housing cost burden, using data from the 2015-2019 American Community Survey. Features statistics on housing characteristics, with breakdowns by race or ethnicity and disability status, and rural or urban location.
Author(s): Alexis Swendener, Katie Rydberg, Mariana Tuttle, Hawking Yam, Carrie Henning-Smith
Date: 03/2023
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: University of Minnesota Rural Health Research Center
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Examine rates of crowded housing and housing cost burden, using data from the 2015-2019 American Community Survey. Features statistics on housing characteristics, with breakdowns by race or ethnicity and disability status, and rural or urban location.
Author(s): Alexis Swendener, Katie Rydberg, Mariana Tuttle, Hawking Yam, Carrie Henning-Smith
Date: 03/2023
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: University of Minnesota Rural Health Research Center
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Your Neighborhood Matters: An Ecological Social Determinant Study of the Relationship Between Residential Racial Segregation And the Risk of Firearm Fatalities
Examines the impact of county-level social determinants of health (SDOH) on firearm fatalities. Analyzes 802 firearm fatalities that occurred in Wisconsin counties in 2019 and their relationship to SDOH, such as residential racial segregation, income inequality, community resilience, and rural versus urban classification. Includes county-level maps depicting geographic distribution of racial segregation and firearm fatalities per 100,000 people.
Author(s): Abdul R. Shour, Ronald Anguzu, Yuhong Zhou, et al.
Citation: Injury Epidemiology, 10, 14
Date: 03/2023
Type: Document
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Examines the impact of county-level social determinants of health (SDOH) on firearm fatalities. Analyzes 802 firearm fatalities that occurred in Wisconsin counties in 2019 and their relationship to SDOH, such as residential racial segregation, income inequality, community resilience, and rural versus urban classification. Includes county-level maps depicting geographic distribution of racial segregation and firearm fatalities per 100,000 people.
Author(s): Abdul R. Shour, Ronald Anguzu, Yuhong Zhou, et al.
Citation: Injury Epidemiology, 10, 14
Date: 03/2023
Type: Document
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Rural Population Health in the United States: A Chartbook
Presents rural population health data by Census region and state, with some data by sex, race, and ethnicity. Includes U.S. maps showing county-level data as well as a variety of charts, including rural-urban disparity charts, state summary charts, and more. Topics addressed include access to care, health outcomes and risks, mortality, social determinants of health, and socioeconomic data.
Author(s): Randy Randolph, Sharita Thomas, Mark Holmes, et al.
Date: 02/2023
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: North Carolina Rural Health Research Program
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Presents rural population health data by Census region and state, with some data by sex, race, and ethnicity. Includes U.S. maps showing county-level data as well as a variety of charts, including rural-urban disparity charts, state summary charts, and more. Topics addressed include access to care, health outcomes and risks, mortality, social determinants of health, and socioeconomic data.
Author(s): Randy Randolph, Sharita Thomas, Mark Holmes, et al.
Date: 02/2023
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: North Carolina Rural Health Research Program
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The 10-20-30 Provision: Defining Persistent Poverty Counties
Defines persistent poverty counties. Discusses how differences in definitions and data can affect which counties are considered persistently poor and includes a map highlighting the impact of different rounding methods. Briefly addresses legislation targeting persistent poverty counties using the "10-20-30 provision," including rural development funding. Table 2 lists persistent poverty counties based on data from the 1990 Census, Census 2000, and the 2021 Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates (SAIPE).
Date: 02/2023
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: Congressional Research Service
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Defines persistent poverty counties. Discusses how differences in definitions and data can affect which counties are considered persistently poor and includes a map highlighting the impact of different rounding methods. Briefly addresses legislation targeting persistent poverty counties using the "10-20-30 provision," including rural development funding. Table 2 lists persistent poverty counties based on data from the 1990 Census, Census 2000, and the 2021 Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates (SAIPE).
Date: 02/2023
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: Congressional Research Service
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Social Determinants of Cardiovascular Health: A Longitudinal Analysis of Cardiovascular Disease Mortality in US Counties From 2009 to 2018
Analyzes how social determinants of health (SDOH) are related to cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality over time. Analyzes county-level data of 17 SDOH from 2009 to 2018 which are further broken down by rural versus urban status.
Author(s): Heejung Son, Donglan Zhang, Ye Shen, et al.
Citation: Journal of the American Heart Association, 12(2)
Date: 01/2023
Type: Document
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Analyzes how social determinants of health (SDOH) are related to cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality over time. Analyzes county-level data of 17 SDOH from 2009 to 2018 which are further broken down by rural versus urban status.
Author(s): Heejung Son, Donglan Zhang, Ye Shen, et al.
Citation: Journal of the American Heart Association, 12(2)
Date: 01/2023
Type: Document
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Taking Stock: Rural People, Rural Places, Rural Housing
Provides an overview of rural definitions, people, places, housing, and poverty in the United States. Includes U.S. Census Bureau's American Community Survey (ACS) and Decennial Census of Population and Housing data that illustrate trends in rural demographics and economy, with data depicted through statistics, charts, and maps. Discusses social determinants of health (SDOH) and issues such as COVID-19, natural disasters, equity, and more.
Date: 2023
Type: Website
Sponsoring organization: Housing Assistance Council
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Provides an overview of rural definitions, people, places, housing, and poverty in the United States. Includes U.S. Census Bureau's American Community Survey (ACS) and Decennial Census of Population and Housing data that illustrate trends in rural demographics and economy, with data depicted through statistics, charts, and maps. Discusses social determinants of health (SDOH) and issues such as COVID-19, natural disasters, equity, and more.
Date: 2023
Type: Website
Sponsoring organization: Housing Assistance Council
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Additional resources are available related to this guide. See the full list of resources by topic for:
- Educational attainment
- Employment and unemployment
- Environmental health
- Health literacy
- Housing and homelessness
- Income
- Infrastructure
- Poverty
- Racial and ethnic groups
- Social determinants of health
Last Updated: 5/13/2024