Rural Hospitals – Resources

Rural Medicare Beneficiaries are Increasingly Likely to Be Admitted to Urban Hospitals
Examines whether the proportion of rural Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries admitted to urban hospitals increased between 2010 and 2018 using data from the Hospital Service Area File (HSAF) and the American Hospital Association (AHA) survey. Explores whether distance to the nearest hospital and system affiliation of the nearest rural hospital were associated with increases in urban hospital admissions from rural ZIP codes.
Author(s): Hannah R. Friedman, George Mark Holmes
Citation: Health Services Research, 57(5), 1029-1034
Date: 10/2022
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Factors Predicting Swing Bed Versus Skilled Nursing Facility Use
Examines differences between patients discharged to swing beds versus skilled nursing facilities (SNFs). Features statistics on discharge disposition of people from rural Critical Access Hospital (CAH) and Prospective Payment System (PPS) hospitals, characteristics of people discharged to swing beds or SNFs, with breakdowns by rural CAH discharges and rural PPS discharges, and hospitalization type for discharges to swing beds or SNFs. Includes the 10 most common diagnostic categories for discharges to swing beds or SNFs.
Author(s): Tyler Malone, Mark Holmes
Date: 10/2022
Sponsoring organization: North Carolina Rural Health Research Program
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Maternal Health: Availability of Hospital-Based Obstetric Care in Rural Areas
Explores the availability of hospital-based obstetric services in rural areas. Summarizes stakeholder perspectives on the factors affecting the availability of these services and on the efforts federal agencies, states, and others could take to increase the access to obstetric care. Highlights six programs identified by researchers and provider associations as effective at increasing obstetric care in rural areas.
Additional links: Full Report
Date: 10/2022
Sponsoring organization: Government Accountability Office
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Key Considerations for a Rural Hospital Assessing Conversion to Rural Emergency Hospital
Offers a conceptual framework of key considerations for rural hospitals contemplating conversion to a rural emergency hospital (REH). Covers financial feasibility, workforce, community impact, partnerships, and regulatory considerations.
Author(s): Kristin Reiter, TJ Grant, Susie Gurzenda, et al.
Date: 10/2022
Sponsoring organization: North Carolina Rural Health Research Program
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Use of Leading Practices in US Hospital Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs
Highlights a study exploring the portion of acute-care hospitals that have implemented best practices in their antimicrobial stewardship programs. Features data compiled from electronic questionnaires to program leaders on the implementation of 6 leading antimicrobial practices. Breaks down data by hospital size, teaching status, and whether the hospital is located in a rural or urban location, among other measures.
Author(s): Edward A. Stenehjem, Barbara I. Braun, Salome O. Chitavi, et al.
Citation: Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology, 1-8
Date: 10/2022
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Review of Rural U.S. Economic and Health Care Trends
Reviews recent literature and publicly available data to explore important issues at the nexus of healthcare and local economic vibrancy, and explores the economic implications associated with COVID-19. Includes sections on rural hospitals, the rural healthcare workforce, emergency medical services, insurance, and telehealth. Features statistics with breakdowns by 6 levels of population density and county-level maps showing Health Professional Shortage Areas and rural counties without obstetrical services.
Author(s): Alison Davis
Date: 09/2022
Sponsoring organization: Center for Economic Analysis of Rural Health
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Rural Hospital Closures Threaten Access: Solutions to Preserve Care in Local Communities
Provides an overview of rural hospital closures between 2010-2021. Discusses rural demographics and outlines trends affecting rural hospital financial sustainability, including patient volume and health, reimbursement, staffing shortages, COVID-19, new models of care, and more.
Date: 09/2022
Sponsoring organization: American Hospital Association
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Public Health Preparedness: COVID-19 Medical Surge Experiences and Related HHS Efforts
Discusses the medical surge challenges of eight hospitals in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and how healthcare coalitions have supported the hospitals' efforts. Identifies challenges related to staffing, supplies, space, and information, as well as challenges unique to rural hospitals. Describes Administration for Strategic Preparedness and Response (ASPR) programs and activities to support medical surge readiness.
Additional links: Full Report
Date: 08/2022
Sponsoring organization: Government Accountability Office
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Environmental Scan on Consolidation Trends and Impacts in Health Care Markets
Summarizes results of an environmental scan and describes the landscape of healthcare market consolidation across the United States. Analyzes the evidence on consolidation trends and the impacts of these trends on price, quality, and access in healthcare provider and insurance markets. Includes information on the impacts of hospital consolidation on rural healthcare quality and patient access.
Date: 08/2022
Sponsoring organizations: HHS Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation, RAND Corporation
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Engaging Your Board and Community in Value-Based Care Conversations
Provides starting points for healthcare organizations to engage in value-based care conversations with their board and community members to support strategic planning and informed decision-making.
Date: 07/2022
Sponsoring organization: Rural Health Value
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