Rural Emergency Medical Services (EMS) and Trauma – Resources
Selected recent or important resources focusing on Rural Emergency Medical Services (EMS) and Trauma.
Medicare Payment Basics: Ambulance Services Payment System
Provides an overview of Medicare payments for ambulance services. Discusses rural add-on payment policies, geographic categories determining payment rates, super-rural ZIP codes, and ambulance fee schedules.
Date: 10/2024
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: Medicare Payment Advisory Commission
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Provides an overview of Medicare payments for ambulance services. Discusses rural add-on payment policies, geographic categories determining payment rates, super-rural ZIP codes, and ambulance fee schedules.
Date: 10/2024
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: Medicare Payment Advisory Commission
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Workforce Toolkit to Support Critical Access Hospitals and Rural Providers
Toolkit intended to help Critical Access Hospitals (CAHs) and other rural providers improve workforce recruitment and retention efforts. Provides information on healthcare workforce challenges faced by CAHs. Offers examples of external resources that CAHs may utilize to address their workforce needs across four topics: organizational culture and leadership, leveraging partnerships, emergency medical services workforce, and administrative and support staff workforce.
Date: 09/2024
Type: Website
Sponsoring organization: Flex Monitoring Team
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Toolkit intended to help Critical Access Hospitals (CAHs) and other rural providers improve workforce recruitment and retention efforts. Provides information on healthcare workforce challenges faced by CAHs. Offers examples of external resources that CAHs may utilize to address their workforce needs across four topics: organizational culture and leadership, leveraging partnerships, emergency medical services workforce, and administrative and support staff workforce.
Date: 09/2024
Type: Website
Sponsoring organization: Flex Monitoring Team
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With New EMS Quality Measures, Florida Aims to Have a National Impact on Rural Care
Features the Feasible, Actionable, Impactful and Relevant (FAIR) EMS Measurement Project, an initiative by the Florida Department of Health which developed rural-relevant EMS quality measures for use in the state and nationally.
Author(s): Gretel Kauffman
Citation: Rural Monitor
Date: 05/2024
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: Rural Health Information Hub
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Features the Feasible, Actionable, Impactful and Relevant (FAIR) EMS Measurement Project, an initiative by the Florida Department of Health which developed rural-relevant EMS quality measures for use in the state and nationally.
Author(s): Gretel Kauffman
Citation: Rural Monitor
Date: 05/2024
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: Rural Health Information Hub
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Ground Ambulance Industry Trends, 2017–2022: An Analysis of Ground Ambulance Organization Entrance and Exit
Describes ground ambulance trends from 2017 to 2022, focusing on organizational characteristics associated with organizations' entry into or exit from the Medicare program. Presents data on the likelihood of entry and exit by a ground ambulance transportation organization by ownership status; urban, rural, or super rural location; and volume. Examines the change in traditional fee-for-service Medicare ground ambulance transport volume at the county level after an organization enters or exits the market.
Author(s): Jonathan Cantor, Sara Heins, Petra W. Rasmussen, Christine Buttorff, Andrew W. Mulcahy
Date: 04/2024
Type: Document
Sponsoring organizations: Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, RAND Corporation
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Describes ground ambulance trends from 2017 to 2022, focusing on organizational characteristics associated with organizations' entry into or exit from the Medicare program. Presents data on the likelihood of entry and exit by a ground ambulance transportation organization by ownership status; urban, rural, or super rural location; and volume. Examines the change in traditional fee-for-service Medicare ground ambulance transport volume at the county level after an organization enters or exits the market.
Author(s): Jonathan Cantor, Sara Heins, Petra W. Rasmussen, Christine Buttorff, Andrew W. Mulcahy
Date: 04/2024
Type: Document
Sponsoring organizations: Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, RAND Corporation
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Medicare Ground Ambulance Data Collection System (GADCS): Rural and Super Rural Organizations Tip Sheet
Covers 6 Ground Ambulance Data Collection System (GADCS) tips and common reporting scenarios for ground ambulance organizations serving rural and super rural areas. Intended to help highlight geographic differences in costs, revenues, and services.
Date: 02/2024
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services
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Covers 6 Ground Ambulance Data Collection System (GADCS) tips and common reporting scenarios for ground ambulance organizations serving rural and super rural areas. Intended to help highlight geographic differences in costs, revenues, and services.
Date: 02/2024
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services
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Keeping Rural EMS Reliable and Sustainable, with James Small
An episode of the Exploring Rural Health podcast featuring James Small, Rural EMS Outreach Director for the Wisconsin Office of Rural Health. Focuses on rural emergency medical services workforce and funding shortages, and how rural EMS can be maintained and expanded.
Date: 12/2023
Type: Audio
Sponsoring organization: Rural Health Information Hub
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An episode of the Exploring Rural Health podcast featuring James Small, Rural EMS Outreach Director for the Wisconsin Office of Rural Health. Focuses on rural emergency medical services workforce and funding shortages, and how rural EMS can be maintained and expanded.
Date: 12/2023
Type: Audio
Sponsoring organization: Rural Health Information Hub
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Identifying a Consensus Set of EMS Agency Licensure Elements and Definitions to Support Rural EMS Data Collection
Discusses gaps in data on rural emergency medical service (EMS) agencies and systems of care. Summarizes findings from a review of state EMS agency licensing applications and discussions from a panel of rural EMS experts. Identifies a consensus set of core EMS licensure elements and definitions for consideration by state EMS authorities in order to enhance licensure application processes and align data collection efforts with other states.
Author(s): John Gale, Celia Jewell, Karen Pearson
Date: 11/2023
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: Flex Monitoring Team
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Discusses gaps in data on rural emergency medical service (EMS) agencies and systems of care. Summarizes findings from a review of state EMS agency licensing applications and discussions from a panel of rural EMS experts. Identifies a consensus set of core EMS licensure elements and definitions for consideration by state EMS authorities in order to enhance licensure application processes and align data collection efforts with other states.
Author(s): John Gale, Celia Jewell, Karen Pearson
Date: 11/2023
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: Flex Monitoring Team
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Year Three Evaluation Report: Evaluation of the EMS Supplemental Funding Grants
Provides an overview of the eight Flex Program Emergency Medical Services (EMS) Supplemental funding grant recipients, including a summary of the project goals, partners, and outcome measures. Details each grantee's project accomplishments, lessons learned, and sustainability strategies.
Author(s): John Gale, Karen Pearson
Date: 09/2023
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: Flex Monitoring Team
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Provides an overview of the eight Flex Program Emergency Medical Services (EMS) Supplemental funding grant recipients, including a summary of the project goals, partners, and outcome measures. Details each grantee's project accomplishments, lessons learned, and sustainability strategies.
Author(s): John Gale, Karen Pearson
Date: 09/2023
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: Flex Monitoring Team
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A Consensus Panel Approach to Estimating the Start-Up and Annual Service Costs for Rural Ambulance Agencies
Policy brief exploring the costs of running ambulance services for 3 population-based service tiers. Establishes a minimum access standard for ambulances servicing a 25-minute travel time from the ambulance station, and enables policymakers and community stakeholders to develop strategic plans for the financing and provision of ambulance services. Features statistics on number of calls, population ranges of service areas, and fixed, depreciation, variable, and administrative costs.
Author(s): Yvonne Jonk, Gary Wingrove, Nikiah Nudell, Kevin McGinnis
Date: 08/2023
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: Maine Rural Health Research Center
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Policy brief exploring the costs of running ambulance services for 3 population-based service tiers. Establishes a minimum access standard for ambulances servicing a 25-minute travel time from the ambulance station, and enables policymakers and community stakeholders to develop strategic plans for the financing and provision of ambulance services. Features statistics on number of calls, population ranges of service areas, and fixed, depreciation, variable, and administrative costs.
Author(s): Yvonne Jonk, Gary Wingrove, Nikiah Nudell, Kevin McGinnis
Date: 08/2023
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: Maine Rural Health Research Center
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Ambulance Deserts: Geographic Disparities in the Provision of Ambulance Services
Webinar recording presenting key findings from a chartbook that analyzes 41 states in 2021-2022 and identifies places and people in ambulance deserts, defined as locations that are more than 25 minutes from an ambulance station.
Additional links: Presentation Slides, Transcript
Author(s): Yvonne Jonk
Date: 06/2023
Type: Video/Multimedia
Sponsoring organizations: Maine Rural Health Research Center, Rural Health Research Gateway
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Webinar recording presenting key findings from a chartbook that analyzes 41 states in 2021-2022 and identifies places and people in ambulance deserts, defined as locations that are more than 25 minutes from an ambulance station.
Additional links: Presentation Slides, Transcript
Author(s): Yvonne Jonk
Date: 06/2023
Type: Video/Multimedia
Sponsoring organizations: Maine Rural Health Research Center, Rural Health Research Gateway
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Additional resources are available related to this guide. See the full list of resources by topic for:
- Emergency department and urgent care services
- Emergency medical services
- Emergency medical technicians and paramedics
Last Updated: 11/8/2024