Rural Health
Resources by Type: Document
Nicotine and Tobacco Product Use among US Youth in 10th and 12th Grade, 2023–2025: A Repeated Cross-Sectional Study
Examines trends in youth nicotine, tobacco, and multi-product co-use. Utilizes 2023-2025 survey data from 10th and 12th graders and analyzes lifetime use and past 30-day use of various nicotine and tobacco products according to grade, demographics, parent education, and school location of urban, suburban/town, or rural.
Author(s): Dayoung Bae, Junhan Cho, Alyssa F. Harlow, et al.
Citation: The Lancet Regional Health – Americas, 65, 101673
Date: 01/2027
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Examines trends in youth nicotine, tobacco, and multi-product co-use. Utilizes 2023-2025 survey data from 10th and 12th graders and analyzes lifetime use and past 30-day use of various nicotine and tobacco products according to grade, demographics, parent education, and school location of urban, suburban/town, or rural.
Author(s): Dayoung Bae, Junhan Cho, Alyssa F. Harlow, et al.
Citation: The Lancet Regional Health – Americas, 65, 101673
Date: 01/2027
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The Association of Hospital Characteristics With Medicaid Managed Care Hospital Prices
Examines the relationship between hospital characteristics and Medicaid facility prices for routine procedures. Utilizes 2021-2023 facility claims data from Elevance Health-affiliated Medicaid plans, alongside American Hospital Directory data, to compare prices by Critical Access Hospital (CAH) and children's hospital status, ownership (for-profit, religiously affiliated, or government), teaching status, system affiliation, rurality, and size.
Author(s): Brett Alfrey, Benjamin Ukert, Aliza S. Gordon
Citation: Health Services Research, 61(6), e70178
Date: 12/2026
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Examines the relationship between hospital characteristics and Medicaid facility prices for routine procedures. Utilizes 2021-2023 facility claims data from Elevance Health-affiliated Medicaid plans, alongside American Hospital Directory data, to compare prices by Critical Access Hospital (CAH) and children's hospital status, ownership (for-profit, religiously affiliated, or government), teaching status, system affiliation, rurality, and size.
Author(s): Brett Alfrey, Benjamin Ukert, Aliza S. Gordon
Citation: Health Services Research, 61(6), e70178
Date: 12/2026
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Medicare Advantage Enrollment Update, 2026
Reports on the percentage of Medicare beneficiaries enrolled in Medicare Advantage (MA) plans by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan location and plan type, from 2016-2026. Discusses how policy changes may have influenced MA enrollment dynamics.
Author(s): Fred Ullrich, Keith Mueller
Date: 11/2026
Sponsoring organization: RUPRI Center for Rural Health Policy Analysis
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Reports on the percentage of Medicare beneficiaries enrolled in Medicare Advantage (MA) plans by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan location and plan type, from 2016-2026. Discusses how policy changes may have influenced MA enrollment dynamics.
Author(s): Fred Ullrich, Keith Mueller
Date: 11/2026
Sponsoring organization: RUPRI Center for Rural Health Policy Analysis
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Calendar Year (CY) 2027 Medicare Physician Fee Schedule Final Rule
Fact sheet providing an overview of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) final rule regarding updates and changes to the Medicare payments under the Physician Fee Schedule (PFS) and other Medicare Part B issues for calendar year 2027. Summarizes provisions related to remote monitoring, improving care for chronic illness and behavioral health needs, Rural Health Clinic (RHC) Diabetes Self-Management Training (DSMT) and Medical Nutrition Therapy (MNT) services, RHC and Federally Qualified Health Center (FQHC) mental health and telecommunication visits, the Medicare Prescription Drug Inflation Rebate Program, and more.
Date: 11/2026
Sponsoring organization: Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services
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Fact sheet providing an overview of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) final rule regarding updates and changes to the Medicare payments under the Physician Fee Schedule (PFS) and other Medicare Part B issues for calendar year 2027. Summarizes provisions related to remote monitoring, improving care for chronic illness and behavioral health needs, Rural Health Clinic (RHC) Diabetes Self-Management Training (DSMT) and Medical Nutrition Therapy (MNT) services, RHC and Federally Qualified Health Center (FQHC) mental health and telecommunication visits, the Medicare Prescription Drug Inflation Rebate Program, and more.
Date: 11/2026
Sponsoring organization: Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services
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Calendar Year 2027 Hospital Outpatient Prospective Payment System (OPPS) and Ambulatory Surgical Center (ASC) Final Rule (CMS-1850-F)
Fact sheet providing an overview of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) final rule regarding updates and changes to the Medicare payments for hospital outpatient and Ambulatory Surgical Center (ASC) services for calendar year 2027. Summarizes provisions regarding changes to the inpatient only (IPO) list, Intensive Outpatient Program (IOP) rate setting, updates to the Hospital Outpatient Quality Reporting (OQR) and Ambulatory Surgical Center Quality Reporting (ASCQR) programs, a cost-of-living adjustment to the nonlabor share of outpatient hospital service payments provided in Alaska and Hawaii, and more.
Date: 11/2026
Sponsoring organization: Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services
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Fact sheet providing an overview of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) final rule regarding updates and changes to the Medicare payments for hospital outpatient and Ambulatory Surgical Center (ASC) services for calendar year 2027. Summarizes provisions regarding changes to the inpatient only (IPO) list, Intensive Outpatient Program (IOP) rate setting, updates to the Hospital Outpatient Quality Reporting (OQR) and Ambulatory Surgical Center Quality Reporting (ASCQR) programs, a cost-of-living adjustment to the nonlabor share of outpatient hospital service payments provided in Alaska and Hawaii, and more.
Date: 11/2026
Sponsoring organization: Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services
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Breast Cancer Screening in Rural West Texas: Access Barriers, Follow-Up Fragmentation, and AI-Enabled Oncology Care Delivery
A narrative review of literature that examines breast cancer screenings, timely diagnostic resolution, and treatment access in rural West Texas. Provides information on barriers to oncology care delivery, screening and treatment financial expenditures, county-level mammography utilization, female breast cancer burden, AI-enabled screening and diagnostic prioritization, and regional screening-to-treatment pathways.
Author(s): Alexander Philipovskiy, Sharda Singh, Austin Castillo, Karla Daniele
Citation: Cancer Control, 33
Date: 11/2026
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A narrative review of literature that examines breast cancer screenings, timely diagnostic resolution, and treatment access in rural West Texas. Provides information on barriers to oncology care delivery, screening and treatment financial expenditures, county-level mammography utilization, female breast cancer burden, AI-enabled screening and diagnostic prioritization, and regional screening-to-treatment pathways.
Author(s): Alexander Philipovskiy, Sharda Singh, Austin Castillo, Karla Daniele
Citation: Cancer Control, 33
Date: 11/2026
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Calendar Year (CY) 2027 Medicare Physician Fee Schedule Final Rule (CMS-1848-F) — Medicare Shared Savings Program
Fact sheet providing an overview of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) final rule regarding updates and changes to the Medicare Shared Savings Program for calendar year 2027. Covers modifications to the Shared Savings Program financial methodology, quality measurement and reporting, advance investment payments to encourage rural participation in Accountable Care Organizations, and more.
Date: 11/2026
Sponsoring organization: Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services
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Fact sheet providing an overview of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) final rule regarding updates and changes to the Medicare Shared Savings Program for calendar year 2027. Covers modifications to the Shared Savings Program financial methodology, quality measurement and reporting, advance investment payments to encourage rural participation in Accountable Care Organizations, and more.
Date: 11/2026
Sponsoring organization: Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services
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Distribution and Accessibility of Board-Certified Pharmacists: A Cross-Sectional Geospatial Study
Examines the composition, accessibility, and geographic distribution of board-certified pharmacists (BCPs) in the United States. Uses 2026 Board of Pharmacy Specialties data to analyze distribution of BCPs by specialty, state, and metropolitan, micropolitan, or small town/rural location. Includes county-level U.S. maps showing distribution of BCPs as well as BCP density per 100,000 residents.
Author(s): Krystal K. Haase, Eric J. MacLaughlin, Amanda N. Charlton
Citation: Journal of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, 9(11), e70318
Date: 11/2026
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Examines the composition, accessibility, and geographic distribution of board-certified pharmacists (BCPs) in the United States. Uses 2026 Board of Pharmacy Specialties data to analyze distribution of BCPs by specialty, state, and metropolitan, micropolitan, or small town/rural location. Includes county-level U.S. maps showing distribution of BCPs as well as BCP density per 100,000 residents.
Author(s): Krystal K. Haase, Eric J. MacLaughlin, Amanda N. Charlton
Citation: Journal of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, 9(11), e70318
Date: 11/2026
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Updates to Critical Access Hospital Rural and Distance Evaluations
Outlines changes to the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) State Operations Manual regarding Critical Access Hospital (CAH) distance and rural evaluation requirements. Includes guidance on Necessary Provider status, the evaluation of CAH location and distance requirements for existing CAHs when there is a newly certified acute care hospital, and the decennial evaluation of rural and distance status beginning in calendar year 2033.
Date: 11/2026
Sponsoring organization: Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services
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Outlines changes to the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) State Operations Manual regarding Critical Access Hospital (CAH) distance and rural evaluation requirements. Includes guidance on Necessary Provider status, the evaluation of CAH location and distance requirements for existing CAHs when there is a newly certified acute care hospital, and the decennial evaluation of rural and distance status beginning in calendar year 2033.
Date: 11/2026
Sponsoring organization: Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services
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Arizona State Plan on Aging: Federal Fiscal Years 2027 and 2028
Provides a plan for the ways Arizona's Division of Aging and Adult Services (DAAS) will support independent, healthy, and dignified community-based aging during FY 2027 and 2028. Addresses rural and tribal areas throughout, discussing topics including access to healthcare, well-being and safety, the need to ensure sufficient funding for rural programs, collaboration and communication with tribal and rural populations, and more.
Date: 11/2026
Sponsoring organization: Arizona Department of Economic Security
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Provides a plan for the ways Arizona's Division of Aging and Adult Services (DAAS) will support independent, healthy, and dignified community-based aging during FY 2027 and 2028. Addresses rural and tribal areas throughout, discussing topics including access to healthcare, well-being and safety, the need to ensure sufficient funding for rural programs, collaboration and communication with tribal and rural populations, and more.
Date: 11/2026
Sponsoring organization: Arizona Department of Economic Security
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