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Rural Health
Resources by Topic: Vaccination

Perceptions of the Coronavirus and COVID-19 Testing and Vaccination in Latinx and Indigenous Mexican Immigrant Communities in the Eastern Coachella Valley
Examines social determinants of health (SDOH) and socio-cultural perceptions of COVID-19 spread, testing, and vaccination among Latinx and indigenous Mexican farm-working communities in the rural borderland of Eastern Coachella Valley. Discusses data from 55 focus group participants about themes of misinformation, distrust of institutions, and employment and residency instability.
Author(s): Daniel Gehlbach, Evelyn Vázquez, Gabriela Ortiz, et al.
Citation: BMC Public Health, 22
Date: 05/2022
Type: Document
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Strategies for Rural Health Leaders' Success in a Post-COVID-19 World
Playbook for rural hospital leaders to approach COVID-19 response, vaccination, and related public health efforts. Discusses strategies for countering misinformation through partnerships with community institutions, conducting assessments of community vaccination needs, and communications and engagement. Features case studies of hospitals serving rural communities, and offers links to other tools and resources.
Additional links: Webinar: Rural Health Leaders on Strategies for Pandemic and Beyond
Date: 05/2022
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: American Hospital Association
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Key Stakeholder Perspectives on Challenges and Opportunities for Rural HPV Vaccination in North and South Carolina
Results of a study to identify challenges or opportunities for increasing adolescent vaccination, including Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination, in rural communities in the southern United States. Uses data from interviews with 14 stakeholders from public health agencies or schools in North Carolina and South Carolina from November 2019 through January 2020.
Author(s): Laura J. Fish, Sayward E Harrison, Jodi-Ann McDonald, et al.
Citation: Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, 18(5)
Date: 04/2022
Type: Document
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Exploring Perceived Risk for COVID-19 and Its Role in Protective Behavior and COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy: A Qualitative Study after the First Wave
Presents a study on the perceived risk of COVID-19 among rural Kentuckians during the first wave of the pandemic. Explores attitudes about protective behavior and vaccine hesitancy. Bases conclusions on interviews conducted by phone between July 3rd and July 24th of 2020.
Author(s): Naomi J. Patterson, Valerie A. Paz-Soldan, Richard Oberhelman, et al.
Citation: BMC Public Health, 22, 503
Date: 03/2022
Type: Document
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National COVID-⁠19 Preparedness Plan
A plan to address COVID-19 focused on four goals: protecting against and treating COVID-19; preparing for new variants; preventing economic and educational shutdowns; and continuing to vaccinate the world. Includes discussion of equitable access to COVID-19 resources for rural and tribal communities.
Additional links: Full Report
Date: 03/2022
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: The White House
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Disparities in COVID-19 Vaccination Coverage Between Urban and Rural Counties — United States, December 14, 2020–January 31, 2022
Examines COVID-19 vaccination disparities between urban and rural people 5 years of age and older. Discusses factors that may have contributed to vaccination disparities, including healthcare access, views about COVID-19 specifically, and vaccine hesitancy more generally. Provides data based on a 6-level urban-rural classification and a 2-level urban-rural classification, with vaccination coverage by sex, age group, and state. Also includes data on vaccine series completion and receipt of a booster or additional dose.
Author(s): Ryan Saelee, Elizabeth Zell, Bhavini Patel Murthy, et al.
Citation: MMWR (Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report), 71(9), 335-340
Date: 03/2022
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
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COVID-19 and Alabama's Black Belt
Issue brief examining COVID-19 impacts on the Black Belt region of Alabama and rural Alabama in general, highlighting disparities of health outcomes. Addresses chronic diseases affecting residents of the Black Belt, access to primary care physicians, and policy recommendations to support healthcare in the region.
Author(s): Emily Grace Corley, Garrett Till, Sean O'Brien, Stephen G. Katsinas, Nathaniel J. Bray
Date: 03/2022
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: The University of Alabama Education Policy Center
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Rural–Urban Differences in Influenza Vaccination Among Adults in the United States, 2018–2019
Provides data on influenza vaccination among adults during the 2018-2019 flu season. Utilizes 2019 National Health Interview Survey data, with breakdowns according to age, gender, race, and large metropolitan, medium/small metropolitan, or nonmetropolitan location.
Author(s): Bhav Jain, Joseph Alexander Paguio, Jasper Seth Yao, et al.
Citation: American Journal of Public Health, 112(2), 304-307
Date: 02/2022
Type: Document
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Missed Opportunities for Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Series Initiation in a Large, Rural U.S. State
Analyzes missed opportunities to initiate the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine series in rural vaccination clinic settings in Montana based on 2014-2017 data from 47,622 adolescents in the Montana immunization information system. Discusses differences in missed opportunities among private clinics, public health departments, Rural Health Clinics, Indian Health Service and tribal clinics, Federally Qualified Health Centers, community health centers, and other settings.
Author(s): Sophia R. Newcomer, Rain E. Freeman, Alexandria N. Albers, et al.
Citation: Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, 18(1)
Date: 02/2022
Type: Document
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Analysis of Vaccination Rates and New COVID-19 Infections by US County, July-August 2021
Research letter examining COVID-19 infection and vaccination rates during the third wave of the pandemic in July-August 2021. Offers county-level data maps and highlights differences in rural and urban vaccination rates and impacts of the wave on counties with lower vaccination rates.
Author(s): Diego F. Cuadros, DeWolfe Miller, Susanne Awad, Philip Coule, Neil J. MacKinnon
Citation: JAMA Network Open, 5(2), e2147915
Date: 02/2022
Type: Document
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