Rural Health
Resources by Topic: Service delivery models
"Sacred Ground for Kids": Institutional Perspectives on Rural School-Based Health Centers as Patient-Centered Medical Homes
Presents a study on the role school-based health centers (SBHCs) play in providing care to children in rural counties and explores the potential for SBHCs to function as patient-centered medical homes (PCMHs) for rural students. Highlights findings from interviews in four rural counties in New York and identifies challenges for SBHCs functioning as a PCMH.
Author(s): Xue Zhang, Mildred E. Warner
Citation: Journal of Rural Health, 41(4), e70098
Date: 12/2025
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Presents a study on the role school-based health centers (SBHCs) play in providing care to children in rural counties and explores the potential for SBHCs to function as patient-centered medical homes (PCMHs) for rural students. Highlights findings from interviews in four rural counties in New York and identifies challenges for SBHCs functioning as a PCMH.
Author(s): Xue Zhang, Mildred E. Warner
Citation: Journal of Rural Health, 41(4), e70098
Date: 12/2025
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Medicare Care Management Opportunities - What's New in 2026?
Recording of a December 17, 2025, webinar on care management practices in Rural Health Clinics, associated Medicare care management codes, and changes over time in billing requirements and implementation. Part of the Rural Health Clinic Technical Assistance Series.
Additional links: 2026 Care Management Codes and Reimbursement, Presentation Slides
Date: 12/2025
Sponsoring organization: National Association of Rural Health Clinics
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Recording of a December 17, 2025, webinar on care management practices in Rural Health Clinics, associated Medicare care management codes, and changes over time in billing requirements and implementation. Part of the Rural Health Clinic Technical Assistance Series.
Additional links: 2026 Care Management Codes and Reimbursement, Presentation Slides
Date: 12/2025
Sponsoring organization: National Association of Rural Health Clinics
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Rural Health Transformation Program State Application Summary: State-level Initiatives & Proposed Activities
Summarizes focus areas for each state in the applications for the Rural Health Transformation Program and highlights common themes across all applications.
Date: 12/2025
Sponsoring organization: National Rural Health Association
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Summarizes focus areas for each state in the applications for the Rural Health Transformation Program and highlights common themes across all applications.
Date: 12/2025
Sponsoring organization: National Rural Health Association
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Revisiting the Rural and Urban Divide in Hospital Health Information Technology Adoption: Evidence From 2023
Presents a study assessing the adoption of telehealth, patient engagement, and health information exchange functionalities in rural and urban hospitals in 2023. Bases findings on American Hospital Association Annual Survey and Information Technology Survey data. Breaks down data by metropolitan, micropolitan, and rural hospital settings.
Author(s): Alice S. Yan, Teagan K. Maguire, Jie Chen
Citation: Journal of Rural Health, 41(4), e70100
Date: 12/2025
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Presents a study assessing the adoption of telehealth, patient engagement, and health information exchange functionalities in rural and urban hospitals in 2023. Bases findings on American Hospital Association Annual Survey and Information Technology Survey data. Breaks down data by metropolitan, micropolitan, and rural hospital settings.
Author(s): Alice S. Yan, Teagan K. Maguire, Jie Chen
Citation: Journal of Rural Health, 41(4), e70100
Date: 12/2025
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An Exploration of Access to Tobacco Cessation Services Through Pharmacies in a Medically Underserved Area in California: Accuracy of Telephone Information Regarding Pharmacist-Furnished NRT
Examines the reliability of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) phone consultations with pharmacy staff in rural, underresourced areas of California's San Joaquin Valley (SJV). Discusses discrepancies in NRT information when comparing in-person NRT visits and telephone services.
Author(s): Sara Schneider, Deanna M. Halliday, Arturo Durazo, Anna V. Song, Dorie E. Apollonio
Citation: Journal of Primary Care & Community Health, 16
Date: 12/2025
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Examines the reliability of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) phone consultations with pharmacy staff in rural, underresourced areas of California's San Joaquin Valley (SJV). Discusses discrepancies in NRT information when comparing in-person NRT visits and telephone services.
Author(s): Sara Schneider, Deanna M. Halliday, Arturo Durazo, Anna V. Song, Dorie E. Apollonio
Citation: Journal of Primary Care & Community Health, 16
Date: 12/2025
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Working Across Contexts: Critical Events in Rural Teletherapy in Alaska
Explores the challenges of providing teletherapy to rural and remote communities in Alaska. Discusses the "critical events" that have shaped clinicians approaches to providing teletherapy to rural and remote patients.
Author(s): Peter L. Noon, Camille M. Booth, Edmond I. Arroyo, et al.
Citation: Rural and Remote Health, 25, 10336
Date: 12/2025
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Explores the challenges of providing teletherapy to rural and remote communities in Alaska. Discusses the "critical events" that have shaped clinicians approaches to providing teletherapy to rural and remote patients.
Author(s): Peter L. Noon, Camille M. Booth, Edmond I. Arroyo, et al.
Citation: Rural and Remote Health, 25, 10336
Date: 12/2025
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Early Adoption of Telehealth/Remote Patient Monitoring and Hospital Revenue Changes During COVID-19
Evaluates telehealth and remote patient monitoring use between 2019 and 2020 among 1,742 rural and urban hospitals to determine the impact of COVID-19 on utilization and revenue. Discusses potential policy measures given study findings.
Author(s): Claudia A. Rhoades, Brian E. Whitacre, Alison F. Davis
Citation: Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare, 31(10)
Date: 12/2025
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Evaluates telehealth and remote patient monitoring use between 2019 and 2020 among 1,742 rural and urban hospitals to determine the impact of COVID-19 on utilization and revenue. Discusses potential policy measures given study findings.
Author(s): Claudia A. Rhoades, Brian E. Whitacre, Alison F. Davis
Citation: Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare, 31(10)
Date: 12/2025
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Medicare Telehealth Trends Report
Describes the trends of telehealth utilization among Medicare beneficiaries between January 1, 2020, and June 30, 2025. Presents data on the percentage of Medicare beneficiaries that used a telehealth service by calendar quarter and by Medicaid eligibility, type of Medicare eligibility, demographic characteristics, and rural/urban residence.
Date: 12/2025
Sponsoring organization: Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services
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Describes the trends of telehealth utilization among Medicare beneficiaries between January 1, 2020, and June 30, 2025. Presents data on the percentage of Medicare beneficiaries that used a telehealth service by calendar quarter and by Medicaid eligibility, type of Medicare eligibility, demographic characteristics, and rural/urban residence.
Date: 12/2025
Sponsoring organization: Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services
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Rural Missourians' Perspectives on Pain: "I Like To Be in Control of My Life"
Explores Missourians' attitudes toward pain and pharmacological and non-pharmacological pain management via interviews of 25 rural Missourians. Discusses how pain treatment is influenced by pain medication stigma, desire for self-sufficiency, and other cultural factors.
Author(s): Karla T. Washington, Klaudia Kukulka, Archana Bharadwaj, et al.
Citation: Health & Place, 96, 103561
Date: 11/2025
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Explores Missourians' attitudes toward pain and pharmacological and non-pharmacological pain management via interviews of 25 rural Missourians. Discusses how pain treatment is influenced by pain medication stigma, desire for self-sufficiency, and other cultural factors.
Author(s): Karla T. Washington, Klaudia Kukulka, Archana Bharadwaj, et al.
Citation: Health & Place, 96, 103561
Date: 11/2025
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RHCs and CAHs Participating in the Medicare Shared Savings Program (MSSP): Characteristics of the Providers and Communities
Describes the characteristics of Rural Health Clinics (RHCs) and Critical Access Hospitals (CAHs) currently participating in the Medicare Shared Savings Program (MSSP) in 2023. Compares CAH and RHC characteristics by MSSP participation, ownership status, and free-standing versus provider-based RHC status.
Author(s): Edmer Lazaro, Dan Shane, Fred Ullrich, Keith Mueller
Date: 11/2025
Sponsoring organization: RUPRI Center for Rural Health Policy Analysis
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Describes the characteristics of Rural Health Clinics (RHCs) and Critical Access Hospitals (CAHs) currently participating in the Medicare Shared Savings Program (MSSP) in 2023. Compares CAH and RHC characteristics by MSSP participation, ownership status, and free-standing versus provider-based RHC status.
Author(s): Edmer Lazaro, Dan Shane, Fred Ullrich, Keith Mueller
Date: 11/2025
Sponsoring organization: RUPRI Center for Rural Health Policy Analysis
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