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Rural Health
Resources by Topic: Rural-urban differences

Area-Level Risk Factors for Adverse Birth Outcomes: Trends in Urban and Rural Settings
Examines whether adverse birth outcomes trends were associated with ZIP code-level percent poverty or percent African-American population, based on a study of Alabama birth records from 1990-2010. Includes data on preterm birth and low birth weight by level of rurality and population density. Includes data on adverse birth outcomes by race/ethnicity, age, education level, and payment method.
Author(s): Shia T. Kent, Leslie A. McClure, Ben F. Zaitchik, Julia M. Gohlke
Citation: BMC Pregnancy & Childbirth, 13, 129
Date: 2013
Type: Document
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Geographic Accessibility and Utilization of Orthodontic Services among Medicaid Children and Adolescents
Reports the rates of Iowa children and adolescents receiving Medicaid-funded orthodontia services. Identifies geographic barriers to care and factors associated with utilization. Figure 1 illustrates the orthodontic dental service areas (DSAs) and Table 3 provides descriptive characteristics of orthodontic DSAs.
Author(s): Susan C. McKernan, Raymond A. Kuthy, Elizabeth T. Momany, et al.
Citation: Journal of Public Health Dentistry, 73(1), 56-64
Date: 2013
Type: Document
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Prevalence of Pre-ESRD Care and Associated Outcomes among Urban, Micropolitan, and Rural Dialysis Patients
Analyzes the prevalence of pre-end stage renal disease (ESRD) care and the benefits associated with pre-ESRD care between micropolitan and rural dialysis patients compared to urban dialysis patients. Includes characteristics, pre-ESRD care goals by geographic location, and association of pre-ESRD goal and long-term outcomes by urban, micropolitan, and rural.
Author(s): Saugar Maripuri, T. Alp Ikizler, Kerri L. Cavanaugh
Citation: American Journal of Nephrology, 37(3), 274-280
Date: 2013
Type: Document
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Rural-Urban Differences in Consumer Governance at Community Health Centers
Presents a study on the difference in the structure of community health center (CHC) governing boards in urban and rural communities. Draws conclusions from phone interviews with CHC board members in 14 different states. Discusses board composition and consumer input into the direction of CHCs.
Author(s): David Bradley Wright
Citation: Journal of Rural Health, 29(2), 125-131
Date: 2013
Type: Document
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Comparison of Enrollment Rates of African-American Families Into a School-Based Tobacco Prevention Trial Using Two Recruitment Strategies in Urban and Rural Settings
Describes results from using two recruitment approaches targeting rural and urban African-American elementary school families in the South for enrollment in a tobacco prevention program. The intervention used the Facilitate, Open and transparent communication, Shared benefits, Team and tailored, Educate bilaterally, and Relationships, realistic and rewards (FOSTER) approach, which is based on community-based participatory research (CBPR) principles.
Author(s): Martha S. Tingen, Jeannette O. Andrews, Janie Heath, et al.
Citation: American Journal of Health Promotion, 27(4), e91–e100
Date: 2013
Type: Document
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Potentially Inappropriate Prescribing Practices in Rural Elder Veterans
Examines inappropriate medication use for rural versus urban elderly veterans using four different indicators of inappropriate use. Highlights regional differences.
Author(s): Brian C. Lund, Peter J. Kaboli
Date: 2013
Type: Document
Sponsoring organizations: U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Rural Health Resource Centers
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Perceptions of Disaster Risk and Vulnerability in Rural Texas
Describes how rural communities are vulnerable to natural hazards such as drought, wildfires, and floods. Provides a demographic overview of rural Texas and discusses vulnerability, risk, and disaster planning. Discusses how rural places are home to people with characteristics that increase vulnerability to impacts of disaster, such as lower incomes and lower levels of education.
Author(s): Andrew J. Prelog, Lee M. Miller
Citation: Journal of Rural Social Sciences, 28(3), 1-31
Date: 2013
Type: Document
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Changes in the Healthcare Safety Net 1992-2003: Disparities in Access for Uninsured Persons in Florida
Discusses how the closing of safety net hospitals or conversion from a public or nonprofit to a for-profit status and the increase in community health centers affected access to care for urban and rural uninsured in Florida. Provides patient statistics by time period for race/ethnicity, age group, sex, safety net events, and more.
Author(s): Tzy-Mey Kuo, Lee R. Mobley, Gloria J. Bazzoli
Citation: International Journal of Health Services, 43(3), 551-566
Date: 2013
Type: Document
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Causes, Consequences, and Prevention of Burnout Among Substance Abuse Treatment Counselors: A Rural Versus Urban Comparison
Analyzes data from 28 rural and urban substance abuse treatment centers collected through focus group interviews with counselors to identify three themes related to substance abuse counselor burnout: causes, consequences, and prevention. Examines underlying differences in reasons for burnout between rural and urban substance abuse treatment counselors.
Author(s): Carrie B. Oser, Elizabeth P. Biebel, Erin Pullen, Kathi L. H. Harp
Citation: Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 45(1), 17-27
Date: 2013
Type: Document
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Urban–Rural Disparities in Colorectal Cancer Screening: Cross-Sectional Analysis of 1998–2005 Data from the Centers for Disease Control's Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Study
Analyzes Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data to examine disparities in colorectal cancer screening rates between rural and urban U.S. populations. Table 1 compares rural and urban population characteristics, such as age, race, ethnicity, education, income, marital status, and overall health.
Author(s): Allison M. Cole, J. Elizabeth Jackson, Mark Doescher
Citation: Cancer Medicine, 1(3), 350-356
Date: 12/2012
Type: Document
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