Rural Health
Resources by Topic: Primary care

Policy Pathways to Support NP-Owned Primary Care Practices in Rural Areas
Examines various policy pathways to develop the nurse practitioner (NP) workforce and provide accessible primary care in rural areas. Uses 2024 Medicare claims data to show the concentration of NP-only practices by state and draws on focus groups with NP owners to highlight strengths and challenges of rural NP-owned practices. Discusses state-level policy actions that reduce barriers facing NP-owned primary care practices.
Author(s): Monica O'Reilly-Jacob, Jennifer Perloff
Date: 10/2026
Sponsoring organization: Milbank Memorial Fund
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Defining Mental Disorder: Differences in Primary Care Providers' and Psychiatrists' Conceptions of Illness
Compares how primary care providers (PCPs) and psychiatrists define and treat mental disorders in their patients. Uses interview data from 41 PCPs and 41 psychiatrists regarding their descriptions of patients with mental health concerns, the ease or difficulty of diagnosing and treating patients, referrals and access to mental health services, and more. Includes perspectives from rural PCPs and psychiatrists.
Author(s): Skye A. Miner, Joshua Breslau, Charles Engel, Stacey Yi, Luke J. Matthews
Citation: Journal of General Internal Medicine
Date: 10/2026
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Survey of the Availability of Neurology Services on Hawaiʻi Island
Examines access to neurology services via a survey of 28 primary care physicians on Hawaii Island, covering topics including the prevalence of neurological complaints or diagnoses among patients, the ability of physicians to manage or refer patients for neurological conditions, and more. Discusses access challenges related to Hawaii's rurality throughout.
Author(s): Jan Augustine E. Aurelio, J. Douglas Miles
Citation: Hawaii Journal of Health and Social Welfare, 85(10), 299-306
Date: 10/2026
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Beyond the Clinic: Why Primary Care Matters to Texas Communities
Webinar presenting case studies on the role of primary care in supporting health, well-being, and economic stability in Texas communities, discussing rural areas throughout. Transcript available via video description.
Additional links: Presentation Slides
Author(s): Adrian Billings, Dale Carruthers, Ankit Sanghavi
Date: 10/2026
Sponsoring organization: Texas Primary Care Consortium
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Health Professional Shortage Areas: Primary Care
Printable map that shows nonmetropolitan and micropolitan primary care HPSAs on one color scale and metropolitan primary care HPSAs on another. Data source: data.HRSA.gov
Additional links: Primary Care HPSA Table
Date: 10/2026
Sponsoring organization: Rural Health Information Hub
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Beneficiary and Clinician Perspectives on Medicare and Other Issues: Findings from 2026 Focus Groups in Select States, and 2021–2026 Rural Focus Groups
Summarizes findings from 21 focus groups of Medicare beneficiaries, Medicare and Medicaid (dual eligible) beneficiaries, and clinicians conducted between May and June 2026, including one virtual focus group of rural Medicare beneficiaries. Compiles findings from 14 focus groups of rural Medicare beneficiaries between 2021 and 2026. Highlights themes that emerged across the focus groups covering Medicare coverage options, access to care, telehealth, and prescription drugs.
Date: 09/2026
Sponsoring organizations: Medicare Payment Advisory Commission, NORC at the University of Chicago
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Growing the Rural Physician Workforce Through Graduate Medical Education
Describes ways in which state and federal initiatives are working to expand rural medical training in North Carolina. Features statistics on physician residency programs with rural and community health center sites from 2008-2024.
Author(s): Emily M. Hawes, Mukesh Adhikari, Mark Holmes, et al.
Citation: North Carolina Medical Journal, 87(3)
Date: 09/2026
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Scaling Food Is Medicine Through Primary Care: Three Strategies for States
Examines strategies to connect Medicaid recipients to Food is Medicine (FIM) interventions through primary care providers. Discusses how strategies, such as investing in care coordination and partnering with community-based organizations, may be valuable in rural communities.
Author(s): Amanda Bank
Date: 09/2026
Sponsoring organization: Center for Health Care Strategies
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Comparing Physicians' Perceptions of Access to Behavioral Health Resources in Rural and Urban Practices
Explores the differences in the perceptions of rural and urban physicians about access to behavioral health resources for their patients. Draws conclusions from findings of the 2022 National Sample Survey of Physicians by rural versus urban ZIP codes. Breaks down data by specialty, years of practice, and average time spent in different care locations, among other measures.
Author(s): C. Holly A. Andrilla, Natalia V. Oster, Xiaochu Hu, et al.
Citation: Journal of Rural Health, 42(4), e70226
Date: 09/2026
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2026 Medicare Annual Wellness Visits: Strategies for Rural Health Clinic Success
Recording of a September 22, 2026, webinar discussing Medicare Annual Wellness Visits (AWVs) and Rural Health Clinics (RHCs). Discusses the history of AWVs; why AWVs are important for patients, RHCs, and Accountable Care Organizations (ACOs); billing AWVs in RHCs; and more.
Additional links: Annual Wellness Visit Form, Annual Wellness Visit Prep List, Annual Wellness Visits Packet, Call Us First Handout, Presentation Slides
Date: 09/2026
Sponsoring organization: National Association of Rural Health Clinics
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