Rural Health
Resources by Topic: Mortality
The Uneven Impact of Medicaid Expansion on Rural and Urban Black, Latino/a, and White Mortality
Examines mortality rates and the corresponding impact of Medicaid expansion on Black, Latino/a, and White populations, broken down by rural versus urban location. Utilizes 2009-2019 data of Average Treatment Effect on the Treated (ATET) estimates to provide statistical breakdowns and graphic representation of how Medicaid expansion has impacted mortality rates for varying populations.
Author(s): J. Tom Mueller, Regina S. Baker, Matthew M. Brooks
Citation: Journal of Rural Health, 41(1), e12859
Date: 2025
Type: Document
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Examines mortality rates and the corresponding impact of Medicaid expansion on Black, Latino/a, and White populations, broken down by rural versus urban location. Utilizes 2009-2019 data of Average Treatment Effect on the Treated (ATET) estimates to provide statistical breakdowns and graphic representation of how Medicaid expansion has impacted mortality rates for varying populations.
Author(s): J. Tom Mueller, Regina S. Baker, Matthew M. Brooks
Citation: Journal of Rural Health, 41(1), e12859
Date: 2025
Type: Document
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Associations Between COVID-19 Therapies and Outcomes in Rural and Urban America: A Multisite, Temporal Analysis from the Alpha to Omicron SARS-CoV-2 Variants
Examines COVID-19 treatment, health outcomes, and mortality disparities in rural and urban areas of the United States. Analyzes 2021-2023 National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C) data from 3,018,646 patients to break down COVID-19 disparities according to patient demographics, vaccine status, comorbidities, U.S. Census region, and adverse inpatient events, as well as urban, urban-adjacent, or nonurban-adjacent location.
Author(s): A. Jerrod Anzalone, William H. Beasley, Kimberly Murray, et al.
Citation: Journal of Rural Health, 41(1), e12857
Date: 2025
Type: Document
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Examines COVID-19 treatment, health outcomes, and mortality disparities in rural and urban areas of the United States. Analyzes 2021-2023 National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C) data from 3,018,646 patients to break down COVID-19 disparities according to patient demographics, vaccine status, comorbidities, U.S. Census region, and adverse inpatient events, as well as urban, urban-adjacent, or nonurban-adjacent location.
Author(s): A. Jerrod Anzalone, William H. Beasley, Kimberly Murray, et al.
Citation: Journal of Rural Health, 41(1), e12857
Date: 2025
Type: Document
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Cardiovascular Mortality Trends and Disparities in U.S. Breast Cancer Patients, 1999–2020: A Population-Based Retrospective Study
Analyzes trends in cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality among 74,733 breast cancer patients during the years 1999-2020, utilizing CDC WONDER data. Breaks down age-adjusted mortality rate (AAMR) data by race, census region, level of rurality, and more.
Author(s): Yong-Hao Yeo, Boon-Jian San, Jia-Yi Tan, et al.
Citation: Cardio-Oncology, 10, 89
Date: 12/2024
Type: Document
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Analyzes trends in cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality among 74,733 breast cancer patients during the years 1999-2020, utilizing CDC WONDER data. Breaks down age-adjusted mortality rate (AAMR) data by race, census region, level of rurality, and more.
Author(s): Yong-Hao Yeo, Boon-Jian San, Jia-Yi Tan, et al.
Citation: Cardio-Oncology, 10, 89
Date: 12/2024
Type: Document
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Use of Inpatient Psychiatric Facilities by Medicare Beneficiaries with Dementia
Describes the sociodemographic and health characteristics of Medicare beneficiaries with and without dementia who use inpatient psychiatric facilities (IPFs). Examines diagnoses and utilization that precede psychiatric inpatient stays and outcomes following IPF stays, including health care utilization and mortality. Includes data on Medicare IPF patients who reside in rural counties and counties that are entirely or partially in a primary care or mental health Health Professional Shortage Area (HPSA).
Author(s): Mark Sorbero, Flora Sheng, Swad Komanduri, Jodi L. Liu
Date: 12/2024
Type: Document
Sponsoring organizations: HHS Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation, RAND Corporation
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Describes the sociodemographic and health characteristics of Medicare beneficiaries with and without dementia who use inpatient psychiatric facilities (IPFs). Examines diagnoses and utilization that precede psychiatric inpatient stays and outcomes following IPF stays, including health care utilization and mortality. Includes data on Medicare IPF patients who reside in rural counties and counties that are entirely or partially in a primary care or mental health Health Professional Shortage Area (HPSA).
Author(s): Mark Sorbero, Flora Sheng, Swad Komanduri, Jodi L. Liu
Date: 12/2024
Type: Document
Sponsoring organizations: HHS Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation, RAND Corporation
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Mammography Among Women Residing in Urban Versus Rural Utah: Breast Cancer Survival
Examines breast cancer screening and mortality among rural and urban Utahns, utilizing Utah Population Database data for breast cancer patients diagnosed from 1998 to 2017 and matched controls. Provides rural-urban comparisons of cancer stage at diagnosis, first-course treatment received, risk of death based on mammograms received in the last 3 years, and other clinical and demographic comparisons.
Author(s): Quinn Tanner, Chun-Pin Chang, Karen Curtin, et al.
Citation: Cancer Medicine, 13(24), e70505
Date: 12/2024
Type: Document
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Examines breast cancer screening and mortality among rural and urban Utahns, utilizing Utah Population Database data for breast cancer patients diagnosed from 1998 to 2017 and matched controls. Provides rural-urban comparisons of cancer stage at diagnosis, first-course treatment received, risk of death based on mammograms received in the last 3 years, and other clinical and demographic comparisons.
Author(s): Quinn Tanner, Chun-Pin Chang, Karen Curtin, et al.
Citation: Cancer Medicine, 13(24), e70505
Date: 12/2024
Type: Document
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Kansas Annual Summary of Vital Statistics, 2023
Provides comprehensive data on vital events, population demographics, fertility and live births, mortality, and marriages in Kansas in 2023. Includes data breakdowns according to county and frontier, rural, densely-settled rural, semi-urban, or urban location.
Author(s): David Oakley, Christina Smith, Cathryn Savage, Inkyung Cha
Date: 12/2024
Type: Document
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Provides comprehensive data on vital events, population demographics, fertility and live births, mortality, and marriages in Kansas in 2023. Includes data breakdowns according to county and frontier, rural, densely-settled rural, semi-urban, or urban location.
Author(s): David Oakley, Christina Smith, Cathryn Savage, Inkyung Cha
Date: 12/2024
Type: Document
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Traffic Safety Facts 2022: A Compilation of Motor Vehicle Crash Data
Presents descriptive statistics about traffic crashes of all severities, from those that result in property damage to those that result in the loss of human life. Features statistics including rural fatal crashes by average emergency medical services response times, vehicles involved in fatal crashes by speed limit, roadway function class, crash type, and hazardous cargo, and vehicle occupants killed in crashes, with breakdowns by state and by rural or urban location.
Date: 12/2024
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
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Presents descriptive statistics about traffic crashes of all severities, from those that result in property damage to those that result in the loss of human life. Features statistics including rural fatal crashes by average emergency medical services response times, vehicles involved in fatal crashes by speed limit, roadway function class, crash type, and hazardous cargo, and vehicle occupants killed in crashes, with breakdowns by state and by rural or urban location.
Date: 12/2024
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
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Caring for Pennsylvanians with Dementia and Related Disorders: An Analysis of Needs and Capacity in Rural Areas, 2024 to 2034
Examines potential demand for care of people living with Alzheimer's disease or a related disorder (ADRD) in rural Pennsylvania. Features county-level maps showing numbers of various types of care facilities and their capacity, and statistics including projections of the population aged 65+ and rate of increase from 2020 to 2040, age-adjusted mortality rate from ADRD, projections of number of ADRD cases by 2040, and impact of smoking and obesity on ADRD, with breakdowns by county.
Author(s): Dara P. Bourassa, Sara A. Grove
Date: 12/2024
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: Center for Rural Pennsylvania
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Examines potential demand for care of people living with Alzheimer's disease or a related disorder (ADRD) in rural Pennsylvania. Features county-level maps showing numbers of various types of care facilities and their capacity, and statistics including projections of the population aged 65+ and rate of increase from 2020 to 2040, age-adjusted mortality rate from ADRD, projections of number of ADRD cases by 2040, and impact of smoking and obesity on ADRD, with breakdowns by county.
Author(s): Dara P. Bourassa, Sara A. Grove
Date: 12/2024
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: Center for Rural Pennsylvania
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Jail-Based Interventions to Reduce Risk for Opioid-Related Overdose Deaths: Examples of Implementation within Ohio Counties Participating in the HEALing Communities Study
Examines implementation barriers and successes of jail-based interventions to reduce post-release opioid overdose deaths in 1 rural and 2 urban Ohio counties. Details how the counties, which were participants in the HEALing Communities Study, applied evidence-based practices (EBPs) including medications to reduce opioid use disorder (MOUD), overdose education, provision of naloxone, and more. Identifies rural-specific challenges.
Author(s): Joel Sprunger, Jennifer Brown, Sofia Rubi, et al.
Citation: Health & Justice, 12, 48
Date: 12/2024
Type: Document
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Examines implementation barriers and successes of jail-based interventions to reduce post-release opioid overdose deaths in 1 rural and 2 urban Ohio counties. Details how the counties, which were participants in the HEALing Communities Study, applied evidence-based practices (EBPs) including medications to reduce opioid use disorder (MOUD), overdose education, provision of naloxone, and more. Identifies rural-specific challenges.
Author(s): Joel Sprunger, Jennifer Brown, Sofia Rubi, et al.
Citation: Health & Justice, 12, 48
Date: 12/2024
Type: Document
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County-Level Racial Disparities in Prostate Cancer–Specific Mortality from 2005 to 2020
Examines Black-White differences in prostate cancer mortality from 2005 to 2020, utilizing Area Health Resource File (AHRF) and Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data. Compares county-level factors associated with change over time, including level of rurality.
Author(s): Samuel L Washington III, Mary Fakunle, Lufan Wang, et al.
Citation: JNCI Cancer Spectrum, 8(6), pkae109
Date: 11/2024
Type: Document
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Examines Black-White differences in prostate cancer mortality from 2005 to 2020, utilizing Area Health Resource File (AHRF) and Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data. Compares county-level factors associated with change over time, including level of rurality.
Author(s): Samuel L Washington III, Mary Fakunle, Lufan Wang, et al.
Citation: JNCI Cancer Spectrum, 8(6), pkae109
Date: 11/2024
Type: Document
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