Rural Health
Resources by Topic: Healthcare needs and services
Income and Geographic Disparities in in-Hospital Mortality Following Cardiovascular Procedures: Evidence From the National Inpatient Sample, 2016–2022
Examines in-hospital mortality following cardiovascular procedures as related to income and geographic disparities. Utilizes 2016-2022 National Inpatient Sample data to analyze various cardiovascular procedures and associated mortality risk by income as well as by location of non-metro, metro of 50,000 to 999,000 residents, or metro of 1,000,000 or more residents.
Author(s): Alon Bergman, Ashwin Nathan
Citation: Health Services Research, 61(2), e70117
Date: 04/2026
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Examines in-hospital mortality following cardiovascular procedures as related to income and geographic disparities. Utilizes 2016-2022 National Inpatient Sample data to analyze various cardiovascular procedures and associated mortality risk by income as well as by location of non-metro, metro of 50,000 to 999,000 residents, or metro of 1,000,000 or more residents.
Author(s): Alon Bergman, Ashwin Nathan
Citation: Health Services Research, 61(2), e70117
Date: 04/2026
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Rural Residence and Mental Health among US Veterans: Findings from the Millennium Cohort Study
Details a study on the effect rurality, social vulnerability, drive time from Veterans Health Administration (VHA) facilities, and VHA utilization have on the mental health of rural veterans. Breaks down data by participants' age, education, and military service, among other measures.
Author(s): Claire A. Kolaja, Javier Villalobos, Julia Seay, et al.
Citation: PLOS One, 21(4), e0346780
Date: 04/2026
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Details a study on the effect rurality, social vulnerability, drive time from Veterans Health Administration (VHA) facilities, and VHA utilization have on the mental health of rural veterans. Breaks down data by participants' age, education, and military service, among other measures.
Author(s): Claire A. Kolaja, Javier Villalobos, Julia Seay, et al.
Citation: PLOS One, 21(4), e0346780
Date: 04/2026
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2025 National CAH Quality Inventory & Assessment National Report
Presents a high-level summary of key data points from the September-November 2025 National Critical Access Hospital (CAH) Quality Inventory and Assessment. Includes data on CAH system affiliation; median average daily census and emergency department volume; median swing bed admissions and swing bed length of stay; hospital inpatient, behavioral health and specialty care, and outpatient and other service lines; CAH quality payment model participation; and CAH quality improvement topic priorities.
Author(s): Madeleine Pick, Robert Barclay
Date: 04/2026
Sponsoring organization: Flex Monitoring Team
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Presents a high-level summary of key data points from the September-November 2025 National Critical Access Hospital (CAH) Quality Inventory and Assessment. Includes data on CAH system affiliation; median average daily census and emergency department volume; median swing bed admissions and swing bed length of stay; hospital inpatient, behavioral health and specialty care, and outpatient and other service lines; CAH quality payment model participation; and CAH quality improvement topic priorities.
Author(s): Madeleine Pick, Robert Barclay
Date: 04/2026
Sponsoring organization: Flex Monitoring Team
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State Action to Improve Maternal & Child Health with the Rural Health Transformation Program: Virtual Convening of Milbank State Leadership Network Recap
Summarizes a March 2026 meeting for state legislators and executive branch leaders regarding how states are planning to use the Rural Health Transformation Program (RHTP) to address maternal and child health. Describes early implementation strategies presented by leaders from Mississippi, Indiana, and Oklahoma. Discusses how states are aligning funding, infrastructure, and community partnerships to expand access to care and improve outcomes.
Author(s): Mary Louise Gilburg, Morgan McDonald
Date: 04/2026
Sponsoring organization: Milbank Memorial Fund
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Summarizes a March 2026 meeting for state legislators and executive branch leaders regarding how states are planning to use the Rural Health Transformation Program (RHTP) to address maternal and child health. Describes early implementation strategies presented by leaders from Mississippi, Indiana, and Oklahoma. Discusses how states are aligning funding, infrastructure, and community partnerships to expand access to care and improve outcomes.
Author(s): Mary Louise Gilburg, Morgan McDonald
Date: 04/2026
Sponsoring organization: Milbank Memorial Fund
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Peer Recovery Supports for Behavioral Health in Rural Communities
Discusses behavioral health peer recovery support services in rural and agricultural communities. Highlights innovative and promising practices for overcoming behavioral health barriers, such as addressing stigma, social isolation, and scarcity of services through community and peer supports.
Date: 04/2026
Sponsoring organization: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
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Discusses behavioral health peer recovery support services in rural and agricultural communities. Highlights innovative and promising practices for overcoming behavioral health barriers, such as addressing stigma, social isolation, and scarcity of services through community and peer supports.
Date: 04/2026
Sponsoring organization: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
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April 2026 MACPAC Meeting Transcript
Transcript from the Medicaid and CHIP Payment and Access Commission's (MACPAC) April 2026 meeting. Covers community engagement requirements in Medicaid, state and federal tools for ensuring accountability of Medicaid managed care plans, the role of the state Medicaid agency in the Program of All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly (PACE), pharmacy benefit managers and Medicaid, and more. Includes rural references throughout.
Date: 04/2026
Sponsoring organization: Medicaid and CHIP Payment and Access Commission
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Transcript from the Medicaid and CHIP Payment and Access Commission's (MACPAC) April 2026 meeting. Covers community engagement requirements in Medicaid, state and federal tools for ensuring accountability of Medicaid managed care plans, the role of the state Medicaid agency in the Program of All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly (PACE), pharmacy benefit managers and Medicaid, and more. Includes rural references throughout.
Date: 04/2026
Sponsoring organization: Medicaid and CHIP Payment and Access Commission
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Notes from the Field: Tetanus in Four Children — Idaho, Minnesota, Missouri, and Wisconsin, 2024
Reports on four cases of tetanus in children who had not completed a primary tetanus toxoid–containing vaccine (TTCV) series and did not receive TTCV or tetanus immunoglobulin (TIG) after exposure and before illness onset. Two of the four children lived in nonmetro areas.
Author(s): Katherine L. Campbell, Avnika B. Amin, Jessica Goswitz, et al.
Citation: MMWR (Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report), 75(14), 192-193
Date: 04/2026
Sponsoring organization: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
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Reports on four cases of tetanus in children who had not completed a primary tetanus toxoid–containing vaccine (TTCV) series and did not receive TTCV or tetanus immunoglobulin (TIG) after exposure and before illness onset. Two of the four children lived in nonmetro areas.
Author(s): Katherine L. Campbell, Avnika B. Amin, Jessica Goswitz, et al.
Citation: MMWR (Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report), 75(14), 192-193
Date: 04/2026
Sponsoring organization: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
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Hepatitis C Virus Transmission among People Who Inject Drugs in Rural United States: Mathematical Modeling Study Using Stochastic Agent-Based Network Simulation
Presents a study exploring a network simulation model of hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission among rural people who inject drugs (PWID). Breaks down data by participant characteristics, such as age, sex, and HCV antibody positivity, among others, and network characteristics, such as size and percentage of PWID who are HCV positive, among others.
Author(s): Lin Zhu, Jennifer R Havens, Abby E Rudolph, et al.
Citation: American Journal of Epidemiology, 195(4), 937-947
Date: 04/2026
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Presents a study exploring a network simulation model of hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission among rural people who inject drugs (PWID). Breaks down data by participant characteristics, such as age, sex, and HCV antibody positivity, among others, and network characteristics, such as size and percentage of PWID who are HCV positive, among others.
Author(s): Lin Zhu, Jennifer R Havens, Abby E Rudolph, et al.
Citation: American Journal of Epidemiology, 195(4), 937-947
Date: 04/2026
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April 2026 MedPAC Meeting Transcript
Transcript from the Medicare Payment Advisory Commission's (MedPAC) April 2026 meeting. Covers Medicare payment incentives, regional benchmarks and benchmark-plan availability in the Part D prescription drug plan (PDP) market, preferred networks and pharmacy access in Medicare Part D, the estimated association between Medicare Advantage enrollment and hospitals' and post-acute care providers' finances, information sources that beneficiaries use to make Medicare enrollment decisions, and institutional special-needs plans. Includes a mandated report on the assessment of the Medicare ground ambulance data collection system. Includes rural references and considerations throughout.
Additional links: Advising the Congress on Medicare Issues Preferred Networks and Pharmacy Access in Part D, Mandated Report: Assessment of the Medicare Ground Ambulance Data Collection System
Date: 04/2026
Sponsoring organization: Medicare Payment Advisory Commission
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Transcript from the Medicare Payment Advisory Commission's (MedPAC) April 2026 meeting. Covers Medicare payment incentives, regional benchmarks and benchmark-plan availability in the Part D prescription drug plan (PDP) market, preferred networks and pharmacy access in Medicare Part D, the estimated association between Medicare Advantage enrollment and hospitals' and post-acute care providers' finances, information sources that beneficiaries use to make Medicare enrollment decisions, and institutional special-needs plans. Includes a mandated report on the assessment of the Medicare ground ambulance data collection system. Includes rural references and considerations throughout.
Additional links: Advising the Congress on Medicare Issues Preferred Networks and Pharmacy Access in Part D, Mandated Report: Assessment of the Medicare Ground Ambulance Data Collection System
Date: 04/2026
Sponsoring organization: Medicare Payment Advisory Commission
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Analysis of Pennsylvania Crime Trends: An Updated Rural/Urban Comparison
Examines rural and urban crime trends in Pennsylvania from 2013-2023. Identifies areas where rural crime trends differ from urban patterns, and highlights differences across rural regions of the state. Features statistics on crime rates by offense category, injuries due to assault, access to drug and alcohol treatment centers, and most prevalent property crimes, with breakdowns by urban and rural areas, and Philadelphia alone.
Author(s): Brandon Vick, Robert Orth, Emily Schumacher, Angel Alcantara
Date: 04/2026
Sponsoring organization: Center for Rural Pennsylvania
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Examines rural and urban crime trends in Pennsylvania from 2013-2023. Identifies areas where rural crime trends differ from urban patterns, and highlights differences across rural regions of the state. Features statistics on crime rates by offense category, injuries due to assault, access to drug and alcohol treatment centers, and most prevalent property crimes, with breakdowns by urban and rural areas, and Philadelphia alone.
Author(s): Brandon Vick, Robert Orth, Emily Schumacher, Angel Alcantara
Date: 04/2026
Sponsoring organization: Center for Rural Pennsylvania
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