Rural Health
Resources by Topic: Health workforce supply and demand
Survey of the Availability of Neurology Services on Hawaiʻi Island
Examines access to neurology services via a survey of 28 primary care physicians on Hawaii Island, covering topics including the prevalence of neurological complaints or diagnoses among patients, the ability of physicians to manage or refer patients for neurological conditions, and more. Discusses access challenges related to Hawaii's rurality throughout.
Author(s): Jan Augustine E. Aurelio, J. Douglas Miles
Citation: Hawaii Journal of Health and Social Welfare, 85(10), 299-306
Date: 10/2026
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Examines access to neurology services via a survey of 28 primary care physicians on Hawaii Island, covering topics including the prevalence of neurological complaints or diagnoses among patients, the ability of physicians to manage or refer patients for neurological conditions, and more. Discusses access challenges related to Hawaii's rurality throughout.
Author(s): Jan Augustine E. Aurelio, J. Douglas Miles
Citation: Hawaii Journal of Health and Social Welfare, 85(10), 299-306
Date: 10/2026
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Rural and Urban Differences in the Trends in Supply of Home Care Workers From 2015 to 2024
Examines how the supply of direct care workers varies by rural or urban location using 2015-2024 American Community Survey data. Includes data comparisons by pre-pandemic, pandemic, and post-pandemic periods.
Author(s): Diogo Miguel Goncalves Fortes, Katherine Miller
Citation: Journal of Applied Gerontology
Date: 10/2026
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Examines how the supply of direct care workers varies by rural or urban location using 2015-2024 American Community Survey data. Includes data comparisons by pre-pandemic, pandemic, and post-pandemic periods.
Author(s): Diogo Miguel Goncalves Fortes, Katherine Miller
Citation: Journal of Applied Gerontology
Date: 10/2026
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Scope of Practice Laws Affecting Team-Based Heart Disease Care in Rural America: Policy Challenges and Opportunities
Evaluates how scope of practice laws influence team-based heart disease care and reimbursement via legal analysis of a variety of health professions and service categories across 11 states and 2 federal healthcare systems, and highlights health policy opportunities to strengthen team-based care. Discusses how team-based care can address rural workforce shortages and improve access to care.
Author(s): Jeff Lane, Signe Burchim, Amanda Li, et al.
Citation: Journal of the American Heart Association, 15(9), e049493
Date: 09/2026
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Evaluates how scope of practice laws influence team-based heart disease care and reimbursement via legal analysis of a variety of health professions and service categories across 11 states and 2 federal healthcare systems, and highlights health policy opportunities to strengthen team-based care. Discusses how team-based care can address rural workforce shortages and improve access to care.
Author(s): Jeff Lane, Signe Burchim, Amanda Li, et al.
Citation: Journal of the American Heart Association, 15(9), e049493
Date: 09/2026
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What Will It Take to Sustain Maternal Care in Rural Communities? These Strategies Are Helping Keep Care Close to Home
Discusses challenges facing rural maternal healthcare, such as workforce shortages, low birth volumes, and reimbursement. Provides strategies to help improve sustainability, focusing on leadership, diversifying the workforce, strengthening regional and community partnerships, extending community care, addressing behavioral health and social needs, and supporting financial sustainability.
Author(s): Julia J. Resnick, Aisha Syeda
Date: 09/2026
Sponsoring organization: Commonwealth Fund
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Discusses challenges facing rural maternal healthcare, such as workforce shortages, low birth volumes, and reimbursement. Provides strategies to help improve sustainability, focusing on leadership, diversifying the workforce, strengthening regional and community partnerships, extending community care, addressing behavioral health and social needs, and supporting financial sustainability.
Author(s): Julia J. Resnick, Aisha Syeda
Date: 09/2026
Sponsoring organization: Commonwealth Fund
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Comparing Physicians' Perceptions of Access to Behavioral Health Resources in Rural and Urban Practices
Explores the differences in the perceptions of rural and urban physicians about access to behavioral health resources for their patients. Draws conclusions from findings of the 2022 National Sample Survey of Physicians by rural versus urban ZIP codes. Breaks down data by specialty, years of practice, and average time spent in different care locations, among other measures.
Author(s): C. Holly A. Andrilla, Natalia V. Oster, Xiaochu Hu, et al.
Citation: Journal of Rural Health, 42(4), e70226
Date: 09/2026
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Explores the differences in the perceptions of rural and urban physicians about access to behavioral health resources for their patients. Draws conclusions from findings of the 2022 National Sample Survey of Physicians by rural versus urban ZIP codes. Breaks down data by specialty, years of practice, and average time spent in different care locations, among other measures.
Author(s): C. Holly A. Andrilla, Natalia V. Oster, Xiaochu Hu, et al.
Citation: Journal of Rural Health, 42(4), e70226
Date: 09/2026
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Building a Robust Primary Care Workforce: Diffusing Lessons Across States
Blog post examining primary care workforce shortages in rural and underserved areas. Describes efforts by Missouri, North Carolina, and Wisconsin to develop and implement state-level graduate medical education strategies to increase their primary care workforce.
Author(s): Erin Fraher, Andreas Stomby
Date: 09/2026
Sponsoring organization: Milbank Memorial Fund
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Blog post examining primary care workforce shortages in rural and underserved areas. Describes efforts by Missouri, North Carolina, and Wisconsin to develop and implement state-level graduate medical education strategies to increase their primary care workforce.
Author(s): Erin Fraher, Andreas Stomby
Date: 09/2026
Sponsoring organization: Milbank Memorial Fund
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Strengthening the Kansas Rural Physician Workforce: Outcomes of the Scholars in Rural Health Program
Evaluates outcomes of the University of Kansas School of Medicine's Scholars in Rural Health program to determine its effectiveness in increasing the rural physician workforce. The program recruits and supports college students from rural Kansas.
Author(s): Brian D. Steele, Jennifer Bacani McKenney
Citation: Family Medicine, 58(8), 564-570
Date: 09/2026
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Evaluates outcomes of the University of Kansas School of Medicine's Scholars in Rural Health program to determine its effectiveness in increasing the rural physician workforce. The program recruits and supports college students from rural Kansas.
Author(s): Brian D. Steele, Jennifer Bacani McKenney
Citation: Family Medicine, 58(8), 564-570
Date: 09/2026
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Association Between Rural Attitudes in Family Medicine Residency and Rural Employment
Explores rural family medicine residents' attitudes at residency completion and how they are associated with subsequent rural employment. Based on data from a study conducted from 2021-2025 survey of residents in two Mountain Area Health Education Center programs.
Author(s): Bryan Hodge, Julianne M. Power, Gwyneth DeHart, et al.
Citation: Family Medicine, 58
Date: 09/2026
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Explores rural family medicine residents' attitudes at residency completion and how they are associated with subsequent rural employment. Based on data from a study conducted from 2021-2025 survey of residents in two Mountain Area Health Education Center programs.
Author(s): Bryan Hodge, Julianne M. Power, Gwyneth DeHart, et al.
Citation: Family Medicine, 58
Date: 09/2026
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AACOM 2024-25 Academic Year Graduating Seniors Survey Summary Report
Results of a survey of 5,045 expected 2025 graduates from colleges of osteopathic medicine and branch campuses. Provides statistics and data on medical education debt and scholarships, graduate medical education plans, and percentages of students who plan to practice in rural underserved or shortage areas.
Date: 08/2026
Sponsoring organization: American Association of Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine
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Results of a survey of 5,045 expected 2025 graduates from colleges of osteopathic medicine and branch campuses. Provides statistics and data on medical education debt and scholarships, graduate medical education plans, and percentages of students who plan to practice in rural underserved or shortage areas.
Date: 08/2026
Sponsoring organization: American Association of Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine
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2025 Pennsylvania Dentist and Dental Hygienist Workforce Survey Report
Presents findings from the 2025 Dentist Survey and 2025 Dental Hygienist Survey, designed to collect information on the characteristics and distribution of the dentist and dental hygienist workforces in Pennsylvania. Features demographics and statistics with breakdowns by urban and rural location.
Date: 08/2026
Sponsoring organization: Pennsylvania Department of Health
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Presents findings from the 2025 Dentist Survey and 2025 Dental Hygienist Survey, designed to collect information on the characteristics and distribution of the dentist and dental hygienist workforces in Pennsylvania. Features demographics and statistics with breakdowns by urban and rural location.
Date: 08/2026
Sponsoring organization: Pennsylvania Department of Health
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