Rural Health
Resources by Topic: COVID-19
Disparities in COVID-19 Vaccination Coverage Between Urban and Rural Counties — United States, December 14, 2020–January 31, 2022
Examines COVID-19 vaccination disparities between urban and rural people 5 years of age and older. Discusses factors that may have contributed to vaccination disparities, including healthcare access, views about COVID-19 specifically, and vaccine hesitancy more generally. Provides data based on a 6-level urban-rural classification and a 2-level urban-rural classification, with vaccination coverage by sex, age group, and state. Also includes data on vaccine series completion and receipt of a booster or additional dose.
Author(s): Ryan Saelee, Elizabeth Zell, Bhavini Patel Murthy, et al.
Citation: MMWR (Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report), 71(9), 335-340
Date: 03/2022
Sponsoring organization: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
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Examines COVID-19 vaccination disparities between urban and rural people 5 years of age and older. Discusses factors that may have contributed to vaccination disparities, including healthcare access, views about COVID-19 specifically, and vaccine hesitancy more generally. Provides data based on a 6-level urban-rural classification and a 2-level urban-rural classification, with vaccination coverage by sex, age group, and state. Also includes data on vaccine series completion and receipt of a booster or additional dose.
Author(s): Ryan Saelee, Elizabeth Zell, Bhavini Patel Murthy, et al.
Citation: MMWR (Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report), 71(9), 335-340
Date: 03/2022
Sponsoring organization: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
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Predictors of Mortality for Patients with COVID-19 in the Rural Appalachian Region
Examines patient mortality related to COVID-19 between April 5, 2020 to December 31, 2020 based on data from 13 facilities in the Appalachian Regional Healthcare system. Discusses aging population, comorbidities, and health-related behaviors common in rural populations that increase COVID-19 risks. Includes survival and mortality statistics broken down according to demographic and clinical characteristics, serum biomarkers, and treatments.
Author(s): Huzefa Bhopalwala, Nakeya Dewaswala, Sandhya Kolagatla, et al.
Citation: International Journal of General Medicine, 15, 2207-2214
Date: 02/2022
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Examines patient mortality related to COVID-19 between April 5, 2020 to December 31, 2020 based on data from 13 facilities in the Appalachian Regional Healthcare system. Discusses aging population, comorbidities, and health-related behaviors common in rural populations that increase COVID-19 risks. Includes survival and mortality statistics broken down according to demographic and clinical characteristics, serum biomarkers, and treatments.
Author(s): Huzefa Bhopalwala, Nakeya Dewaswala, Sandhya Kolagatla, et al.
Citation: International Journal of General Medicine, 15, 2207-2214
Date: 02/2022
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Analysis of Vaccination Rates and New COVID-19 Infections by US County, July-August 2021
Research letter examining COVID-19 infection and vaccination rates during the third wave of the pandemic in July-August 2021. Offers county-level data maps and highlights differences in rural and urban vaccination rates and impacts of the wave on counties with lower vaccination rates.
Author(s): Diego F. Cuadros, DeWolfe Miller, Susanne Awad, Philip Coule, Neil J. MacKinnon
Citation: JAMA Network Open, 5(2), e2147915
Date: 02/2022
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Research letter examining COVID-19 infection and vaccination rates during the third wave of the pandemic in July-August 2021. Offers county-level data maps and highlights differences in rural and urban vaccination rates and impacts of the wave on counties with lower vaccination rates.
Author(s): Diego F. Cuadros, DeWolfe Miller, Susanne Awad, Philip Coule, Neil J. MacKinnon
Citation: JAMA Network Open, 5(2), e2147915
Date: 02/2022
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Social Determinants of Mortality of COVID-19 and Opioid Overdose in American Rural and Urban Counties
Highlights a study on the social determinants of health that correlate with high COVID-19 and opioid overdose mortality in rural and urban counties. Breaks down county data by median income, unemployment, and healthcare workforce, among other factors.
Author(s): Yuhui Zhu, Zhe Fei, Larissa J. Mooney, et al.
Citation: Journal of Addiction Medicine, 16(1), e52-e55
Date: 02/2022
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Highlights a study on the social determinants of health that correlate with high COVID-19 and opioid overdose mortality in rural and urban counties. Breaks down county data by median income, unemployment, and healthcare workforce, among other factors.
Author(s): Yuhui Zhu, Zhe Fei, Larissa J. Mooney, et al.
Citation: Journal of Addiction Medicine, 16(1), e52-e55
Date: 02/2022
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Persistently Poor Rural Counties Experienced Lower Employment Impacts From the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic but Have Higher Cumulative COVID-19 Case Rates
Examines COVID-19 case rates among persistently poor rural counties in relation to economic impacts from the pandemic. Offers comparative data on job losses and vaccination rates for metro and nonmetro counties with persistent poverty and non-persistent poverty based on USDA Economic Research Service data and U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census and Bureau of Labor Statistics data.
Author(s): Elizabeth A. Dobis, Thomas Krumel, Austin Sanders
Citation: Amber Waves
Date: 02/2022
Sponsoring organization: USDA Economic Research Service
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Examines COVID-19 case rates among persistently poor rural counties in relation to economic impacts from the pandemic. Offers comparative data on job losses and vaccination rates for metro and nonmetro counties with persistent poverty and non-persistent poverty based on USDA Economic Research Service data and U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census and Bureau of Labor Statistics data.
Author(s): Elizabeth A. Dobis, Thomas Krumel, Austin Sanders
Citation: Amber Waves
Date: 02/2022
Sponsoring organization: USDA Economic Research Service
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Vaccination Rates are Higher in U.S. Metro than in Nonmetro Counties, While the Gap Between Persistently Poor Counties and Counties that are not Persistently Poor is Closing
Chart depicting COVID-19 vaccination rates between January 2021-January 2022 for metro and nonmetro counties that are persistently and not persistently poor.
Date: 02/2022
Sponsoring organization: USDA Economic Research Service
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Chart depicting COVID-19 vaccination rates between January 2021-January 2022 for metro and nonmetro counties that are persistently and not persistently poor.
Date: 02/2022
Sponsoring organization: USDA Economic Research Service
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Correlates of Covid-19 Vaccine Acceptance among Residents of Ohio: A Cross-Sectional Study
Examines willingness to be vaccinated for COVID-19 among adults in Ohio based on survey data from 2,358 individuals. Discusses variables related to vaccine hesitancy such as sociodemographic factors, knowledge, attitude, prevention practice related to COVID-19, and confidence in government. Includes geographic breakdowns in Tables 1 and 2.
Author(s): Zelalem T. Haile, Anirudh Ruhil, Benjamin R. Bates, Orman Hall, Mario J. Grijalva
Citation: BMC Public Health, 22, 226
Date: 02/2022
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Examines willingness to be vaccinated for COVID-19 among adults in Ohio based on survey data from 2,358 individuals. Discusses variables related to vaccine hesitancy such as sociodemographic factors, knowledge, attitude, prevention practice related to COVID-19, and confidence in government. Includes geographic breakdowns in Tables 1 and 2.
Author(s): Zelalem T. Haile, Anirudh Ruhil, Benjamin R. Bates, Orman Hall, Mario J. Grijalva
Citation: BMC Public Health, 22, 226
Date: 02/2022
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Rural Community Pharmacists' Ability and Interest in Administering COVID-19 Vaccines in the Southern United States
Examines rural, southern community pharmacists' demographic characteristics, COVID-19 vaccine training, and ability to administer COVID-19 vaccines. Utilizes survey responses from 69 pharmacists part of the Rural Research Alliance of Community Pharmacies (RURAL-CP) and provides data on COVID-19 vaccine preparedness, attitudes, and more.
Author(s): Delesha M. Carpenter, Tessa Hastings, Salisa Westrick, et al.
Citation: Journal of the American Pharmacists Association, 62(4), 1379-1383
Date: 01/2022
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Examines rural, southern community pharmacists' demographic characteristics, COVID-19 vaccine training, and ability to administer COVID-19 vaccines. Utilizes survey responses from 69 pharmacists part of the Rural Research Alliance of Community Pharmacies (RURAL-CP) and provides data on COVID-19 vaccine preparedness, attitudes, and more.
Author(s): Delesha M. Carpenter, Tessa Hastings, Salisa Westrick, et al.
Citation: Journal of the American Pharmacists Association, 62(4), 1379-1383
Date: 01/2022
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Aligning Systems to Advance Family and Community Well-Being: A Partnership Playbook for Community Action and Human Services Agencies
Provides an overview of how community action and human service agencies partnered, collaborated, and aligned services to address COVID-19 on a family-level and a systems-level. Presents field examples of partnerships in rural Maryland and rural Ohio with their successes and challenges when aligning services such as Head Start, housing assistance, and more. Discusses how rural models and strategies were employed in other geographic areas to mitigate COVID-19 issues in communities.
Date: 01/2022
Sponsoring organizations: American Public Human Services Association, Community Action Partnership
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Provides an overview of how community action and human service agencies partnered, collaborated, and aligned services to address COVID-19 on a family-level and a systems-level. Presents field examples of partnerships in rural Maryland and rural Ohio with their successes and challenges when aligning services such as Head Start, housing assistance, and more. Discusses how rural models and strategies were employed in other geographic areas to mitigate COVID-19 issues in communities.
Date: 01/2022
Sponsoring organizations: American Public Human Services Association, Community Action Partnership
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COVID-19: Significant Improvements Are Needed for Overseeing Relief Funds and Leading Responses to Public Health Emergencies
Discusses the federal government's response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Provides an overview of federal actions on healthcare and economic policy areas through early January 2022, including data on COVID-19 relief spending and vaccinations. Offers 5 new recommendations to federal agencies regarding emergency rental assistance, nutrition assistance, and tax relief for businesses. Also designates the Department of Health and Human Services' (HHS) leadership and coordination of a range of public health emergencies as high risk to ensure sustained executive branch and congressional attention so the nation is prepared for future emergencies.
Additional links: Full Report
Date: 01/2022
Sponsoring organization: Government Accountability Office
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Discusses the federal government's response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Provides an overview of federal actions on healthcare and economic policy areas through early January 2022, including data on COVID-19 relief spending and vaccinations. Offers 5 new recommendations to federal agencies regarding emergency rental assistance, nutrition assistance, and tax relief for businesses. Also designates the Department of Health and Human Services' (HHS) leadership and coordination of a range of public health emergencies as high risk to ensure sustained executive branch and congressional attention so the nation is prepared for future emergencies.
Additional links: Full Report
Date: 01/2022
Sponsoring organization: Government Accountability Office
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